{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T15:38:53Z","timestamp":1790782733411,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"The Korean Society of Anesthesiologists","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744675200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ekja.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Korean J Anesthesiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Different field block methods are used for analgesia following abdominal surgery. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a modified thoracoabdominal nerve block via the perichondrial approach (M-TAPA) and that of an external oblique and rectus abdominis plane (EXORA) block for anterolateral upper abdominal analgesia.Methods: This study included 90 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were divided into three groups (n = 30 per group): a control group, which received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA); an EXORA block group, which received an EXORA block with 0.25% bupivacaine + IV-PCA; and an M-TAPA block group, which received an M-TAPA with 0.25% bupivacaine + IV-PCA. The primary outcome was postoperative pain (at rest and on movement), evaluated using numerical rating scale (NRS) scores at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included tramadol use, the side effect profile, dermatomal spread, and additional analgesic use at 12 h and 24 h postoperatively.Results: NRS scores as well as the mean tramadol consumption at 12 h and 24 h postoperatively were significantly lower in the EXORA and M-TAPA groups than in the control group (all P &lt; 0.001). Sensory block was recorded in the lateral and anterior abdomen from T7 to T11 after both EXORA block and M-TAPA application.Conclusions: EXORA block and M-TAPA application provided similar levels of analgesia to the upper abdominal wall after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Further data should be obtained from cadaveric and other types of studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.24563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T03:55:41Z","timestamp":1744689341000},"page":"361-368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4097\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of the efficacy of M-TAPA and EXORA block application for analgesia after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective, single-blind, observational study"],"prefix":"10.4097","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8546-4661","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Korg\u00fcn","family":"\u00d6kmen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1035-0306","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Durdu Kahraman","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7265-0107","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"G\u00f6kberk K\u00fcr\u015fat","family":"\u00dclker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2573","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20133"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/aap.0000000000000838"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/aap.0000000000000545"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2018.10.015"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/s0375-9393.23.17524-9"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2011.00513.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/110241501750070510"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.03.033"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-008-0005-2"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2018.06.027"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/s0375-9393.18.13341-4"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2019.01.003"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01866-4"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2021-102870"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40981-023-00632-w"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01652-2"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.22137"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-022-02310-4"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.sja_807_22"}],"container-title":["Korean Journal of Anesthesiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/ekja.org\/upload\/pdf\/kja-24563.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/ekja.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.4097\/kja.24563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/ekja.org\/upload\/pdf\/kja-24563.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T07:03:35Z","timestamp":1753945415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ekja.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.4097\/kja.24563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4097\/kja.24563","relation":{},"ISSN":["2005-6419","2005-7563"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2005-6419","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-7563","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}