{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:04:30Z","timestamp":1787317470424,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756166400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Afr. J. Lab. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Febrile neutropaenia (FN) is an oncology emergency, but there is a paucity of data on it in Africa.Aim:\u00a0This study aimed to review and aggregate data on FN in the context of antibiotic resistance.Methods:\u00a0Published original articles between 1991 and 2024 were systematically searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, and African Journals Online databases (grey literature excluded). \u2018Febrile neutropenia\u2019 was combined by Boolean terms \u2018OR\u2019 and \u2018AND\u2019 with individual countries for the searched terms. Data aggregation on bacteria isolates and antibiotics was done using Microsoft Excel.Results:\u00a0Of 16 637 articles retrieved, 15 (from nine countries) with 1216 non-duplicate isolates were included in the analyses after exclusion of irrelevant and duplicate articles. There were 57.0% (698\/1225) Gram-positive and 43.3% (527\/1225) Gram-negative bacteria. Aggregated resistance to antibiotics for Gram-positive bacteria was 71.8% (163\/227), for ampicillin, 74.3% (226\/304), for cefoxitin, 64.1% (25\/39), and 54.0% (47\/87) for oxacillin, while that of Gram-negative bacteria was 35.5% (184\/519) for ciprofloxacin, 60.6% (168\/277) for ceftriaxone, 65.9% (89\/135) for cefuroxime, and 38.2% (153\/401) for imipenem.\u00a0Staphylococcus aureus\u00a0had 68.8% (22\/32) resistance to oxacillin\/methicillin and 10% (1\/10) resistance to vancomycin.\u00a0Klebsiella\u00a0spp. was 50% (9\/18) resistant to quinolones, 75.9% (22\/29) resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, and 25.0% (4\/16) resistant to carbapenems, while\u00a0Acinetobacter\u00a0spp. was 85.7% (6\/7) resistant to gentamycin.Conclusion:\u00a0This review highlighted the paucity of data and the emergence of multidrug resistance in FN in Africa. There is a need for antibiotic-resistance surveillance and antibiotic stewardship to optimise therapy in FN in Africa.What this study adds:\u00a0To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review of FN in Africa in the context of available laboratory resources across the African regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/ajlm.v14i1.2816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T10:07:17Z","timestamp":1756116437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bacterial agents and antibiotic resistance in febrile neutropaenia in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4221-7158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Temitope O.","family":"Obadare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3544-2530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adeyemi T.","family":"Adeyemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1270-3195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluwaseun A.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5526-3189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naheemot O.","family":"Sule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0962-5387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayowa M.","family":"Adeyemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0565-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olusegun I.","family":"Alatise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Omotoso O, Teibo JO, Atiba FA, et al. 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