{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:41:56Z","timestamp":1785404516056,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"0","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731283200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0There is a paucity of evidence regarding what works to help persons with disabilities escape the trap of poverty. To address extreme poverty among the general population, poverty graduation approaches have gained popularity. These programmes combine direct livelihood assistance (e.g. provision of assets) with wider support given to individuals (e.g. skill development). However, these interventions have rarely been adapted to be disability-inclusive.\n\nObjectives:\u00a0The present research is a qualitative process evaluation of a disability-inclusive poverty graduation intervention, implemented in Uganda from 2020 to 2022. The study focusses on contextual influences on the intervention and mechanisms of impact according to the perspectives of implementers and intervention recipients, with a complementary analysis of structures and resources used to deliver the intervention derived from a desk-based review of programme reports.\n\nMethod:\u00a0In all, 15 implementers and 23 persons with disabilities who received the intervention were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interview data underwent framework analysis.\n\nResults:\u00a0National infection prevention measures and loss of intervention funding associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were identified as contextual influences on the intervention. Respondents highlighted increases in social empowerment and positive changes in societal attitudes to disability as routes through which the intervention had a positive impact. However, instances of jealousy from community members not receiving the intervention were also an unintended consequence.\n\nConclusion:\u00a0Results are discussed in terms of practical implications for delivering similar interventions in other contexts.\n\nContribution:\u00a0This study contributes new knowledge about the key factors that influenced the effectiveness of a disability-inclusive poverty graduation intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/ajod.v13i0.1487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T09:38:51Z","timestamp":1731317931000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Qualitative process evaluation of a disability-inclusive ultra-poor graduation programme in Uganda"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7349-9901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Mugeere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03dmz0111","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Makerere University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8446-8337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Shakespeare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a0jsq62","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1377-2910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark T.","family":"Carew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00a0jsq62","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee, A., Duflo, E., Goldberg, N., Karlan, D., Osei, R., Parient\u00e9, W. et al., 2015, \u2018A multifaceted program causes lasting progress for the very poor: Evidence from six countries\u2019, Science 348(6236), 1260799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1260799","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260799"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banks, L.M., Kuper, H. & Polack, S., 2017a, \u2018Poverty and disability in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review\u2019, PLoS One 12(12), e0189996. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0189996","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189996"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banks, L.M., Mearkle, R., Mactaggart, I., Walsham, M., Kuper, H. & Blanchet, K., 2017b, \u2018Disability and social protection programmes in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review\u2019, Oxford Development Studies 45(3), 223\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13600818.2016.1142960","DOI":"10.1080\/13600818.2016.1142960"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"BRAC, 2022, Disability Inclusive Poverty Graduation (DIG) project close out report, BRAC, Kampala."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Groce, N., Kembhavi, G., Wirz, S., Lang, R., Trani, J.F. & Kett, M., 2011, Poverty and disability \u2013 A critical review of the literature in low and middle-income countries, Leonard Cheshire Research Centre Working Paper Series, London.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3398431"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hunt, X., Saran, A., Banks, L.M., White, H. & Kuper, H., 2022, \u2018Effectiveness of interventions for improving livelihood outcomes for persons with disabilities in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review\u2019, Campbell Systematic Reviews 18(3), e1257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cl2.1257","DOI":"10.1002\/cl2.1257"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Kipchumba, E. et al., in prep, Impact of an inclusive ultra-poor graduation programme on financial well-being of persons with disabilities: A cluster randomised controlled trial in Northern Uganda."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kipchumba, E., Davey, C., Marks, S., Mugeere, A., Chen, S., Banks, L.M. et al., 2024, \u2018Evaluation of a disability-inclusive ultra-poor graduation programme in Uganda: Study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial with process evaluation\u2019, Trials 25(1), 206 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-024-08040-w","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-024-08040-w"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Mapuwei, T.W. et al., in prep, Quantitative process evaluation of the Disability Inclusive Graduation intervention."},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Matin, I., Rabbani, M. & Sulaiman, M., 2008, Crafting a graduation pathway for the ultra poor: Lessons and evidence from a BRAC programme, Chronic Poverty Research Centre, London."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mitra, S., Posarac, A. & Vick, B., 2013, \u2018Disability and poverty in developing countries: A multidimensional study\u2019, World Development 41, 1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.worlddev.2012.05.024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2012.05.024"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moore, G.F., Audrey, S., Barker, M., Bond, L., Bonell, C., Hardeman, W. et al., 2015, \u2018Process evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council guidance\u2019, BMJ 350, h1258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.h1258","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1258"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mugeere, A.B., Oporia, F. & Kobusingye, O., 2022, \u2018A qualitative study of the causes and circumstances of drowning in Uganda\u2019, BMC Public Health 22(1), 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-022-14461-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14461-6"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pinilla-Roncancio, M. & Alkire, S., 2021, \u2018How poor are people with disabilities? Evidence based on the global multidimensional poverty index\u2019, Journal of Disability Policy Studies 31(4), 206\u2013216.","DOI":"10.1177\/1044207320919942"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C.M. & Ormston, R., 2003, Qualitative research practice, Sage, London."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Pletzen, E., Kabaso, B. & Lorenzo, T., 2021, \u2018Community-based workers\u2019 capacity to develop inclusive livelihoods for youth with disabilities in Botswana\u2019, African Journal of Disability 10, 851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/ajod.v10i0.851","DOI":"10.4102\/ajod.v10i0.851"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, Y., Zhong, F., Song, X. & Huang, C., 2023, \u2018Exploring the impact of poverty on the sustainable development goals: Inhibiting synergies and magnifying trade-offs\u2019, Sustainable Cities and Society 89, 104367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scs.2022.104367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2022.104367"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"World Health Organization, 2011, World Report on Disability, World Health Organization, Geneva."},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"World Health Organization, 2022, Global report on health equity for persons with disabilities, World Health Organization, Geneva."}],"container-title":["African Journal of Disability"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ajod.org\/index.php\/ajod\/article\/viewFile\/1487\/2964","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ajod.org\/index.php\/ajod\/article\/viewFile\/1487\/2965","content-type":"application\/epub+zip","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ajod.org\/index.php\/ajod\/article\/viewFile\/1487\/2966","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ajod.org\/index.php\/ajod\/article\/viewFile\/1487\/2967","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ajod.org\/index.php\/ajod\/article\/view\/1487\/2967","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T07:29:48Z","timestamp":1778830188000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ajod.org\/index.php\/ajod\/article\/view\/1487"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"0","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/ajod.v13i0.1487","relation":{},"ISSN":["2223-9170","2226-7220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2223-9170","type":"print"},{"value":"2226-7220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]]},"article-number":"a1487"}}