{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T21:39:27Z","timestamp":1793050767939,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"AOSIS","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]],"date-time":"2019-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564358400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Afr. j. disabil."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Around the world, institutions of higher education are recognising their responsibilities to achieve the full inclusion of individuals with differing needs and\/or disabilities. The frameworks of universal design (UD) and universal design for learning (UDL) offer unique ways to build inclusiveness in our systems. The role of UD and UDL to strengthen successful inclusion of persons with differing needs in higher education programmes is presented from literature, inclusive of national and international policies and resources. Examples from South African and US institutions of higher learning are shared. Discussions of online accessibility, environmental issues, professional development, barriers to inclusion and recommendations for future development in an international context provide a vision for developing inclusive learning environments in higher education.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/ajod.v8i0.519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T06:21:11Z","timestamp":1564122071000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Inclusion, universal design and universal design for learning in higher education: South Africa and the United States"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1208-9896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth M.","family":"Dalton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1460-6313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcia","family":"Lyner-Cleophas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2135-7178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Britt T.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2575-7718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0001","author":"Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990","year":"2019","journal-title":"Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990"},{"key":"ref0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5206\/eei.v25i2.7723","volume":"25","author":"Black","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exceptionality Education International"},{"key":"ref0003","author":"Burgstahler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Universal design in higher education: From principles to practice"},{"key":"ref0004","author":"CAST","year":"2018","journal-title":"Universal design for learning guidelines version 2.2 [graphic organizer]"},{"key":"ref0005","author":"Center for Universal Design","year":"1997","journal-title":"The principles of universal design, version 21.0"},{"key":"ref0006","first-page":"1","author":"Dalton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handmade teaching materials for students with disabilities"},{"key":"ref0007","author":"Dalton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proceedings of Preparing Special Education Teachers for Mild and Moderate Disabilities Conference 2010"},{"key":"ref0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ajod.v1i1.13"},{"key":"ref0009","first-page":"68","author":"Dalton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Educating every learner every day: A global responsibility, proceedings of International Association of Special Education Twelfth Biennial Conference 2011"},{"key":"ref0010","author":"Department of Higher Education and Training","year":"2018","journal-title":"Strategic disability policy framework in the post-school education and training system"},{"key":"ref0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/15.PR0.116k26w9"},{"key":"ref0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/073194871003300103"},{"key":"ref0013","author":"ESSA","year":"2015","journal-title":"Every Student Succeeds Act"},{"key":"ref0014","author":"Hall","year":"2003","journal-title":"Differentiated instruction and implications for UDL implementation"},{"key":"ref0015","author":"HEOA","year":"2008","journal-title":"Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-315)"},{"key":"ref0016","author":"Howell","year":"2005","journal-title":"South African higher education responses to students with disabilities. 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