{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:14:03Z","timestamp":1785420843080,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Informal settlements are highly vulnerable to fires, due to housing materials, poor infrastructure, dangerous energy sources and housing densities that facilitate the spread of fires and hamper firefighting. Re-blocking aims to reduce fire risk by spatially reconfiguring and de-densifying settlements and upgrading services. However, re-blocked settlements often re-densify, potentially undermining long-term risk reduction benefits. Using case studies of two re-blocked informal settlements, this study aims to explore informal settlement dwellers\u2019 perspectives on re-blocking interventions and identify the factors influencing their long-term success, especially the dynamics leading to re-densification. A qualitative research approach was used, employing a comparative case study design. Data were collected through 10 in-depth semi-structured key-informant interviews with officials, implementers and community leaders, and six focus groups (three in each community) involving 84 participants selected based on involvement in the process. The findings suggest that the primary reason for re-densification was that the allocated housing spaces were too small for households\u2019 needs or growth. Others included opportunism and push for better housing conditions. Although participation was intended, some residents felt the process was rushed or exclusive and that decision-making neglected their needs, leading to dissatisfaction that could reduce the longevity of spatial changes. The findings suggest the long-term effectiveness hinges on addressing beneficiaries\u2019 core needs and expectations. Ultimately, deep, inclusive and unrushed community engagement is crucial to capture diverse needs, ensure sustainable outcomes and achieve intended risk reduction benefits.\nContribution:\u00a0This research fills a practical gap by examining the underlying non-fire safety factors that drive re-densification and provide insight into how re-blocking interventions can be improved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/jamba.v18i1.2017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T09:32:44Z","timestamp":1771925564000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u2018A successful re-blocking project is when the government works hand in hand with the community\u2019: Factors determining the longevity of re-blocking projects for fire-risk reduction"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2801-9438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siyachuma S.","family":"Sintu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05bk57929","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Stellenbosch University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7291-371X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robyn","family":"Pharoah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05bk57929","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Stellenbosch University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abunyewah, M., Gajendran, T. & Maund, K., 2018, \u2018Profiling informal settlements for disaster risks\u2019, Procedia Engineering 212, 238\u2013245. 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Wisner (eds.), Disaster risk reduction: Cases from urban Africa, Earthscan, London."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pharoah, R., Zweig, P., Walls, R. & Eksteen, R., 2022, \u2018Smoke alarms for informal settlements: Monitoring and challenges from a large-scale community rollout in Cape Town, South Africa\u2019, International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 13, 936\u2013947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13753-022-00457-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s13753-022-00457-8"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"Pitt, R. & O\u2019Regan, V., 2020, \u2018Four thousand Masiphumelele residents in desperate rush to rebuild homes after devastating fire\u2019, Daily Maverick, 18 December, viewed 14 January 2026, from https:\/\/www.dailymaverick.co.za\/article\/2020-12-18-4-000-masiphumelele-residents-in-desperate-rush-to-rebuild-homes-before-christmas-after-devastating-fire\/."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quiroz, N., Walls, R. & Cicione, A., 2021, 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