{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:07:37Z","timestamp":1785431257275,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"AOSIS","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPHIA"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) regarding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) may differ among populations with health vulnerabilities.\nAim:\u00a0To examine COVID-19 KAPs among Kenyan adolescents and adults with behavioural vulnerability to HIV.\nSetting:\u00a0This study was conducted in Kericho and Homa Bay, Kenya.\nMethods:\u00a0From December 2021 to April 2023, we enrolled participants without HIV aged 14-55 years who reported recent sexually transmitted infection, injection drug use, transactional sex, condomless sex, and\/or anal sex with males. A self-administered questionnaire captured sociodemographic data and KAPs. Multivariable robust Poisson regression with purposeful variable selection was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with NPI practices.\nResults:\u00a0Among 399 participants (median age 22 years [interquartile range 19\u201324]), 317 (79.4%) were female. Participants during the Omicron-variant wave were less likely to meet outdoors (PR = 0.85 [95% CI: 0.73\u20130.98]), reduce shopping (PR = 0.83 [95% CI: 0.73\u20130.96], and avoid crowds (PR = 0.81 [95% CI: 0.71-0.93]). Believing that mask-wearing prevents SARS-CoV-2 was associated with less meeting outdoors (PR = 0.44 [95% CI: 0.27\u20130.73]) and reducing shopping (PR = 0.48 [95% CI: 0.31\u20130.76]), while believing that handwashing prevents SARS-CoV-2 was associated with less crowd avoidance (PR = 0.73 [95% CI: 0.60\u20130.89]). Perceiving widespread community face mask use was associated with reduced shopping (PR = 1.12 [95% CI: 1.02\u20131.23]).\nConclusion:\u00a0Belief in personal NPIs (mask-wearing and handwashing) was associated with decreased practice of social NPIs (meeting outdoors, reducing shopping, and avoiding crowds).\nContribution:\u00a0Future public health strategies for pandemic response should anticipate risk compensation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/jphia.v16i1.1401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T12:46:26Z","timestamp":1760964386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to SARS-CoV-2 prevention in Kenya"],"prefix":"10.4102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9448-746X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brennan 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