{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T22:11:43Z","timestamp":1774822303855,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Medpharm Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,2]],"date-time":"2003-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057104000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated if  environmental factors had an effect on the incidence of epistaxis  related to exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) among  racehorses in southern Africa. Data covering the period 1986-2001 and  involving 778 532 race runs were analysed. This included the following  information : date of race, age, sex, name of breeder, trainer,  distance, jockey, state of going, weight carried, racing centre and  altitude. Veterinarians employed by the Jockey Club suspended officially  entered horses that presented with epistaxis (frank bleeding from the  nostrils) after racing. On-course endoscopy is not performedas a  standard practice at any southern African racetrack. Epistaxis was  identified in 1287 horses (0.165 %). More horses presented with  EIPH-related epistaxis (a) at sea level, (b) from May to October, (c)  when older ( 3 years), (d) after 1995, (e) on Fridays and Sundays,  and (f) more in geldings than in mares or entire males. No association  could be  established between epistaxis and breeder, trainer, distance run,  jockey, state of going and weight carried. It is concluded that the  frequency of EIPH-related epistaxis is associated with altitude, winter  and spring, sex and age. It is suggested that racing at lower altitudes  may increase the probability of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v74i4.525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]],"date-time":"2012-08-24T14:20:44Z","timestamp":1345818044000},"page":"127-131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Epistaxis related to exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in South African Thoroughbreds"],"prefix":"10.36303","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Weideman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.J.","family":"Schoeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.F.","family":"Jordaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kidd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"22149","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,2]]},"container-title":["Journal of the South African Veterinary Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/viewFile\/525\/504","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/viewFile\/525\/504","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T14:57:04Z","timestamp":1675090624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/view\/525"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/jsava.v74i4.525","relation":{},"ISSN":["2224-9435","1019-9128"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2224-9435","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1019-9128","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,2]]}}}