{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:19:32Z","timestamp":1762521572635},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Medpharm Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]],"date-time":"2013-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1360800000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc."],"abstract":"<jats:p>A 10-year-old domestic short hair cat was referred for investigation of anorexia and polydipsia  of 3 days\u2019 duration. Clinically the cat was obese, pyrexic (39.8 \u00b0C), had acute abdominal pain and  severe bilirubinuria. Haematology and serum biochemistry revealed severe panleukopenia,  thrombocytopenia, markedly elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and five-fold increased  pre-prandial bile acids. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the abdomen did not identify any  abnormalities. Serum tests for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus  (FeLV) were negative. Broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment for infectious hepatitis was to no  avail; the cat deteriorated and died 72 h after admission. Necropsy revealed mild icterus and  anaemia, severe multifocal hepatic necrosis, serofibrinous hydrothorax, pulmonary oedema  and interstitial pneumonia. Histopathology confirmed the macroscopic findings and revealed  multifocal microgranulomata in the brain and myocardium, as well as areas of necrosis in  lymph nodes and multifocally in splenic red pulp. Long bone shaft marrow was hyperplastic  with a predominance of leukocyte precursors and megakaryocytes and splenic red pulp  showed mild extramedullary haemopoiesis. Immunohistochemical staining for  Toxoplasma gondii was strongly positive, with scattered cysts and tachyzoites in the liver, lymph nodes,  spleen, lungs, brain, salivary glands and intracellularly in round cells in occasional blood  vessels. Immunohistochemical staining for corona virus on the same tissues was negative,  ruling out feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on formalin-fixed  paraffin-wax embedded tissues was positive for Toxoplasma sp., but attempts at sequencing  were unsuccessful. This was the first case report of fulminant disseminated toxoplasmosis in  South Africa, in which detailed histopathology in an apparently immunocompetent cat was  described.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v84i1.299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]],"date-time":"2013-02-14T12:05:58Z","timestamp":1360843558000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis in an immunocompetent cat"],"prefix":"10.36303","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Susanna S.","family":"Nagel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"June H.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes P.","family":"Schoeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"22149","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2005.00434.x"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2006.tb13119.x"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.11.4037-4044.2002"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0795"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.10.026"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001142"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879100300128"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(92)90125-A"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3164.2004.00371.x"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/511871"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2006.11.005"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.232.7.1010"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.44-5-683"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1991.tb00948.x"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2005.03.004"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2004.08.004"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063871102300117"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810380399"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1001261"}],"container-title":["Journal of the South African Veterinary Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/viewFile\/299\/1030","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/viewFile\/299\/1031","content-type":"application\/octet-stream","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/viewFile\/299\/1036","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/viewFile\/299\/1029","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/viewFile\/299\/1029","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T14:58:31Z","timestamp":1675090711000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.jsava.aosis.co.za\/index.php\/jsava\/article\/view\/299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/jsava.v84i1.299","relation":{},"ISSN":["2224-9435","1019-9128"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2224-9435","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1019-9128","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,14]]}}}