{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T10:38:51Z","timestamp":1782297531515,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Medpharm Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,29]],"date-time":"2018-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522281600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Brucellosis is of worldwide economic and public health importance. Heifer vaccination with live attenuated\u00a0Brucella abortus\u00a0strain 19 (S19) is the cornerstone of control in low- and middle-income countries. Antibody persistence induced by S19 is directly correlated with the number of colony-forming units (CFU) per dose. There are two vaccination methods: a \u2018high\u2019 dose (5\u20138 \u00d7 1010\u00a0CFU) subcutaneously injected or one or two \u2018low\u2019 doses (5 \u00d7 109\u00a0CFU) through the conjunctival route. This study aimed to evaluate serological reactions to the \u2018high\u2019 dose and possible implications of the serological findings on disease control. This study included 58 female cases, vaccinated at Day 0, and 29 male controls. Serum was drawn repeatedly and tested for\u00a0Brucella\u00a0antibodies using the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). The cases showed a rapid antibody response with peak RBT positivity (98%) at 2 weeks and iELISA (95%) at 8 weeks, then decreased in an inverse logistic curve to 14% RBT and 32% iELISA positive at 59 weeks and at 4.5 years 57% (4\/7 cases) demonstrated a persistent immune response (RBT, iELISA or Brucellin skin test) to\u00a0Brucella\u00a0spp. Our study is the first of its kind documenting the persistence of antibodies in an African communal farming setting for over a year to years after \u2018high\u2019 dose S19 vaccination, which can be difficult to differentiate from a response to infection with wild-type\u00a0B. abortus. A recommendation could be using a \u2018low\u2019 dose or different route of vaccination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v89i0.1527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,29]],"date-time":"2018-03-29T10:24:08Z","timestamp":1522319048000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Immunological response to &lt;i&gt;Brucella abortus&lt;i&gt; strain 19 vaccination of cattle in a communal area in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.36303","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Gregory J.G.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanguy","family":"Marcotty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Rouille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abel","family":"Chilundo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Jacques","family":"Letteson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Godfroid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"22149","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2011.03.008"},{"key":"ref0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/IAS-120015478"},{"key":"ref0003","author":"Alton","year":"1988","journal-title":"Techniques for the brucellosis laboratory"},{"key":"ref0004","first-page":"178","author":"Bengis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ARC-Onderstepoort, OIE International Congress with WHO-Cosponsorship on anthrax, brucellosis, CBPP, clostridial and mycobacterial diseases\u202f: Berg-en-Dal, Kruger National Park, South Africa"},{"key":"ref0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2016.06.007"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref0006","first-page":"110","volume":"61","author":"Chaparro","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the South African Veterinary Association"},{"key":"ref0007","author":"Corbel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brucellosis in humans and animals"},{"key":"ref0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1201-9712(03)90049-X"},{"key":"ref0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136696"},{"key":"ref0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.05.057"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref0011","first-page":"131","volume":"10","author":"Fensterbank","year":"1979","journal-title":"Annales de Recherches Veterinaires. 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