{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:47:04Z","timestamp":1789598824752,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,12]],"date-time":"2018-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523491200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Afr. j. prim. health care fam. med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Neonatal jaundice affects one in two infants globally. The jaundice is the result of an accumulation of bilirubin as foetal haemoglobin is metabolised by the immature liver. High serum levels of bilirubin result in lethargy, poor feeding and kernicterus of the infant.Aim:\u00a0The main aim of this article was to determine the prevalence of neonatal jaundice and secondly to explore its risk factors in healthy term neonates.Setting:\u00a0Maternity ward, National District Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa.Methods:\u00a0In this cross-sectional study, mothers and infants were conveniently sampled after delivery and before discharge. The mothers were interviewed and their case records were reviewed for risk factors for neonatal jaundice and the clinical appearance and bilirubin levels of the infants were measured with a non-invasive transcutaneous bilirubin meter.Results:\u00a0A total of 96 mother-infant pairs were included in the study. The prevalence of neonatal jaundice was 55.2%; however, only 10% of black babies who were diagnosed with jaundice appeared clinically jaundiced. Normal vaginal delivery was the only risk factor associated with neonatal jaundice. Black race and maternal smoking were not protective against neonatal jaundice as in some other studies.Conclusion:\u00a0More than half (55.2%) of healthy term neonates developed neonatal jaundice. As it is difficult to clinically diagnose neonatal jaundice in darker pigmented babies, it is recommended that the bilirubin level of all babies should be checked with a non-invasive bilirubin meter before discharge from hospital or maternity unit as well as during the first clinic visit on day 3 after birth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v10i1.1582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,13]],"date-time":"2018-04-13T03:01:37Z","timestamp":1523588497000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["The prevalence of neonatal jaundice and risk factors in healthy term neonates at National District Hospital in Bloemfontein"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5183-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanneke","family":"Brits","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2163-5422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanie","family":"Adendorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8207-071X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dyanti","family":"Huisamen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6597-9219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dahne","family":"Beukes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9847-2572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristian","family":"Botha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2661-7135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanre","family":"Herbst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3728-6925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gina","family":"Joubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0001","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neonatal jaundice [homepage on the Internet]. Clinical guideline 98"},{"key":"ref0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpmed.2015.07.009"},{"key":"ref0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1700297"},{"key":"ref0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.4.e47"},{"key":"ref0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2409"},{"key":"ref0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-3042"},{"key":"ref0007","first-page":"129","author":"Adhikari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Coovadia\u2019s paediatrics and child health"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref0008","first-page":"599","volume":"65","author":"Porter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref0009","first-page":"454","volume":"118","author":"Kramer","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"ref0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.154.4.391"},{"key":"ref0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117229"},{"key":"ref0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.060328"},{"key":"ref0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5958\/2394-2126.2016.00060.8"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.75.4.770","volume":"75","author":"Linn","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref0015","first-page":"819","volume":"96","author":"Horn","year":"2006","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"ref0016","author":"Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List for South Africa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hospital level paediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref0017","first-page":"25","volume":"1","author":"Raimondi","year":"2012","journal-title":"JPNIM"},{"key":"ref0018","author":"National Department of Health","year":"2013","journal-title":"The 2012 National antenatal sentinel HIV and herpes simplex type-2 prevalence survey in South Africa [homepage on the Internet]"},{"key":"ref0019","author":"Statistics South Africa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Statistical release P0302. Mid-year population estimates"},{"key":"ref0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142455"},{"key":"ref0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.3337"}],"container-title":["African Journal of Primary Health Care &amp; Family Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/phcfm.org\/index.php\/phcfm\/article\/viewFile\/1582\/2455","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/phcfm.org\/index.php\/phcfm\/article\/viewFile\/1582\/2425","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/phcfm.org\/index.php\/phcfm\/article\/viewFile\/1582\/2454","content-type":"application\/epub+zip","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/phcfm.org\/index.php\/phcfm\/article\/viewFile\/1582\/2456","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/phcfm.org\/index.php\/phcfm\/article\/viewFile\/1582\/2425","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T10:08:53Z","timestamp":1660903733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/phcfm.org\/index.php\/phcfm\/article\/view\/1582"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/phcfm.v10i1.1582","relation":{},"ISSN":["2071-2936","2071-2928"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2071-2936","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2071-2928","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,12]]}}}