{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:42:41Z","timestamp":1785415361671,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB), particularly drug-resistant TB (DR-TB), remains a major public health concern in South Africa (SA), with children, adolescents, and pregnant and postpartum women (CAPPW) facing heightened risks because of biological and social vulnerabilities. This article highlights the importance of a multipronged prevention framework that combines infection control measures, psychosocial support, education, and nutritional supplementation, alongside pharmacological interventions such as Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) vaccination and tailored TB preventive therapy (TPT). Drawing on national guidelines and recent academic literature, the article provides an overview of current evidence and recommendations for TPT regimens (including 6H, 3HP, 3RH, 4R, 12H, and 6LFX) and their eligibility, safety considerations, drug interactions, and formulations suitable for CAPPW. By strengthening awareness and streamlining guideline-based prevention efforts, the article equips healthcare workers to make informed, patient-centred decisions to improve treatment outcomes and ultimately reduce TB transmission in high-burden settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/safp.v68i1.6198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T13:25:43Z","timestamp":1766064343000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Tuberculosis prevention in children, adolescents, and pregnant and postpartum women in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9476-7867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mareike","family":"Rabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Family Physician, Private Practice, Vita Oncology, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5349-9509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05bk57929","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Stellenbosch University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. Global TB report 2024, country profile [homepage on the Internet]. [cited 2025 Jul 06]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-programme-on-tuberculosis-and-lung-health\/data (TB profile)"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moyo S, Ismail F, Van der Walt M, et al. Prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2017\u201319: A multistage, cluster-based, cross-sectional survey. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022;22(8):1172\u20131180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00149-9","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00149-9"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naidoo K, Perumal R, Cox H, et al. The epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, and management of drug-resistant tuberculosis-lessons from the South African experience. 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