{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:19:26Z","timestamp":1785417566843,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0With the increasing burden of non-communicable chronic diseases, it is important to empower people to self-manage their conditions. This study aimed to explore the support that persons living with chronic disease require to self-manage their conditions at a Primary Health Care (PHC) facility in the Victor-Khanye subdistrict, Delmas, Mpumalanga.\nMethods:\u00a0Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 adult participants who collected their monthly medication for diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus or hypertension. Data were analysed manually using thematic analysis.\nResults:\u00a0Three themes were identified: (1) individual self-management; (2) support enhancing for self-management; and (3) barriers to self-management. The study highlights that self-management requires a combination of individual beliefs, capabilities, education, access to healthcare resources, financial assistance, emotional support from family and friends, and community support. While knowledge is crucial for empowering individuals to manage their diseases effectively, challenges such as financial constraints and a lack of specific self-management support provided by healthcare workers hinder many from fully implementing self-management strategies.\nConclusion:\u00a0Persons living with chronic disease require comprehensive care that extends beyond healthcare and includes emotional, social and financial support. Effective self-management requires access to tailored education and community support networks that allow people to take an active role in their health.\nContribution:\u00a0Understanding the support persons living with chronic diseases require for effective self-management is critical for improving health outcomes, enhancing quality of life and promoting sustainable healthcare systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/safp.v68i1.6264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T13:21:08Z","timestamp":1785158468000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Support needs for chronic disease self-management among persons attending a Primary Health Care facility in Victor Khanye, Mpumalanga"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3617-5024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wonder","family":"Hlongwane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00h2vm590","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of the Western Cape"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2993-6553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Talitha","family":"Crowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00h2vm590","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of the Western Cape"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberts KC, Loukie L, Jayaraman GC. 2025. Prevalence and patterns of chronic disease multimorbidity and associated determinants in Canada, Health promotion and chronic disease prevalence in Canada: research, policy and practice. 2015; 35(6):87\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24095\/hpcdp.35.6.01","DOI":"10.24095\/hpcdp.35.6.01"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steinman L, Heang H, Van Pelt M, et al. Facilitators and barriers to chronic disease self-management and mobile health interventions for people living with diabetes and hypertension in Cambodia: Qualitative study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2020;8(4):e13536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/13536","DOI":"10.2196\/13536"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poblete JY, Vawter NL, Lewis SV, et al. Digitally based blood pressure self-monitoring program that promotes hypertension self-management and health education among patients with low-income: Usability study. JMIR Hum Factors. 2023;10:e46313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/46313","DOI":"10.2196\/46313"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murphy K, Chuma T, Mathews C, Steyn K, Levitt N. A qualitative study of the experiences of care and motivation for effective self-management among diabetic and hypertensive patients attending public sector primary health care services in South Africa. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15(1):303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-015-0969-y","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-015-0969-y"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kitt J, Krasner S, Barr L, et al. Cardiac remodeling after hypertensive pregnancy following physician-optimized blood pressure self-management: The POP-HT randomized clinical trial imaging substudy. Circulation. 2024;149(7):529\u2013541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067597","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067597"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Department of Health. Integrated clinical services management. National Deparment of Health Pretoria; 2020 [cited 2026 Jul 13]. Available from: https:\/\/knowledgehub.health.gov.za\/system\/files\/elib downloads\/2023-04\/Integrated%252520Clinical%252520Services%252520Management%252520%252520%Manual%2525205th%252520June%252520FINAL.pdf"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hardman R, Begg S, Spelten E. What impact do chronic disease self-management support interventions have on health inequity gaps related to socioeconomic status: A systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2020;20(1):150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-020-5010-4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-5010-4"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levitt HM. Qualitative generalization, not to the population but to the phenomenon: Reconceptualizing variation in qualitative research. Qual Res. 2021;8:95\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/qup0000184","DOI":"10.1037\/qup0000184"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Busetto L, Wick W, Gumbinger C. How to use and assess qualitative research methods. Neurol Res Pract. 2020;2:14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s42466-020-00059-z","DOI":"10.1186\/s42466-020-00059-z"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosseini MS, Jahanshahlou F, Akbarzadeh MA, Zarei M, Vaez-Gharamaleki Y. Formulating research questions for evidence-based studies. J Med Surg Public Health. 2024;2:100046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.glmedi.2023.100046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glmedi.2023.100046"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"WHO. Non-communicable disease [homepage on the Internet]. Department of Health. 2021 [cited 2026 Jun 08]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/communicable-disease"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan P, Sawin KJ. The individual and family self-management theory: Background and perspectives on context, process, and outcomes. Nurs Outlook. 2009;57(4):217.e6\u2013225.e6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.outlook.2008.10.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2008.10.004"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hessler DM, Fisher L, Polonsky WH, et al. Diabetes distress is linked with worsening diabetes management over time in adults with Type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2017;34(9):1228\u20131234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dme.13381","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13381"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Supervia M, Lopez-Jimenez F. mHealth and cardiovascular diseases self-management: There is still a long way ahead of us. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2018;25(9):974\u2013975. https:\/\/doi.org\/101177\/2047487318766644","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318766644"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boucher LM, Liddy C, Mihan A. Peer-led Self-management interventions and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV: Systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2020;24(4):998\u20131022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10461-019-02690-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02690-7"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ledford CJW, Villareal C, Williams EW, Cafferty LA, Jackson JT, Seehusen DA. Patient decision-making about self-disclosure of a type 2 diabetes diagnosis: A qualitative study. Diabetes Spectr. 2022;35(3):327\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ds21-0043","DOI":"10.2337\/ds21-0043"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Houtum L V, Rijken M, Heijmans M, Groenewegen P. Patient-perceived self-management tasks and support needs of people with chronic illness: Generic or disease specific? Ann Behav Med. 2015;49(2):221\u2013229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12160-014-9649-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-014-9649-0"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dube L, Stephan Van den Broucke M, Housiaux M, Dhoore W, Rendall-Mkosi K. Type 2 diabetes self-management education programs in high and low mortality developing countries: A systematic review. Diabetes Educ. 2015;41(1):69\u201385.","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721714558305"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Litchfield I, Barrett T, Hamilton-Shield J, et al. Current evidence for designing self-management support for underserved populations: an integrative review using the example of diabetes. Int J Equity Health. 2023;22(1):188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12939-023-01976-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-023-01976-6"}],"container-title":["South African Family Practice"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T13:21:18Z","timestamp":1785158478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/safpj.co.za\/index.php\/safpj\/article\/view\/6264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/safp.v68i1.6264","relation":{},"ISSN":["2078-6190","2078-6204"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2078-6190","type":"print"},{"value":"2078-6204","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"article-number":"a6264"}}