{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T02:33:11Z","timestamp":1785897191364,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,19]],"date-time":"2018-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521417600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SAJCD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Bilingualism is common in South Africa, with many children acquiring isiXhosa as a home language and learning English from a young age in nursery or cr\u00e8che. IsiXhosa is a local language, part of the Bantu language family, widely spoken in the country.\u00a0Aims:\u00a0To describe changes in a bilingual child\u2019s speech following intervention based on a theoretically motivated and tailored intervention plan.\u00a0Methods and procedures:\u00a0This study describes a female isiXhosa\u2013English bilingual child, named Gcobisa (pseudonym) (chronological age 4 years and 2 months) with a speech sound disorder. Gcobisa\u2019s speech was assessed and her difficulties categorised according to Dodd\u2019s (2005) diagnostic framework. From this, intervention was planned and the language of intervention was selected. Following intervention, Gcobisa\u2019s speech was reassessed.\u00a0Outcomes and results:\u00a0Gcobisa\u2019s speech was categorised as a consistent phonological delay as she presented with gliding of\/l\/in both English and isiXhosa, cluster reduction in English and several other age appropriate phonological processes. She was provided with 16 sessions of intervention using a minimal pairs approach, targeting the phonological process of gliding of\/l\/, which was not considered age appropriate for Gcobisa in isiXhosa when compared to the small set of normative data regarding monolingual isiXhosa development. As a result, the targets and stimuli were in isiXhosa while the main language of instruction was English. This reflects the language mismatch often faced by speech language therapists in South Africa. Gcobisa showed evidence of generalising the target phoneme to English words.\u00a0Conclusions and implications:\u00a0The data have theoretical implications regarding bilingual development of isiXhosa\u2013English, as it highlights the ways bilingual development may differ from the monolingual development of this language pair. It adds to the small set of intervention studies investigating the changes in the speech of bilingual children following intervention. In addition, it contributes to the small amount of data gathered regarding typical bilingual acquisition of this language pair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/sajcd.v65i1.566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,17]],"date-time":"2018-03-17T04:31:58Z","timestamp":1521261118000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Intervention for bilingual speech sound disorders: A case study of an isiXhosa\u2013English-speaking child"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Kate","family":"Rossouw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Pascoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0001","first-page":"41","author":"Baker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Interventions for speech sound disorders in 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