{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T20:37:46Z","timestamp":1758055066475,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Dysphagia in tracheostomised patients is highly prevalent but often underdiagnosed, especially in resource-constrained settings such as South Africa. Delays in referral and limited access to instrumental assessments further compromise the quality of care. There is limited data regarding the incidence and severity of dysphagia in patients with tracheostomies within this context.\nObjectives:\u00a0This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of dysphagia in tracheostomised patients at a South African private intensive care unit (ICU) in order to understand and explore the need for context-appropriate, standardised practices of care in this population.\nMethod:\u00a0A retrospective file review was conducted on 68 adult patients who underwent fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) between July 2022 and January 2024. Data were extracted for 42 patients who had a tracheostomy at the time of assessment. Dysphagia severity was rated using the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS). Descriptive statistics wer<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/sajcd.v72i2.1116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T06:27:04Z","timestamp":1757917624000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From delay to detection: Dysphagia patterns in tracheostomised ICU patients in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7206-3981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Barber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borders, J.C., & Brates, D. (2020). Use of the penetration-aspiration Scale in dysphagia research: A systematic review. 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Dysphagia, 32, 27\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-016-9775-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9775-x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langmore, S.E., Scarborough, D.R., Kelchner, L.N., Swigert, N.B., Murray, J., Reece, S., Cavanagh, T., Harrigan, L.C., Scheel, R., Gosa, M.M., & Rule, D.K. (2022). Tutorial on clinical practice for use of the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing procedure with adult populations: Part 1. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 31(1), 163\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1044\/2021_AJSLP-20-00348","DOI":"10.1044\/2021_AJSLP-20-00348"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Likar, R., Aroyo, I., Bangert, K., Degen, B., Dziewas, R., Galvan, O., Trapl Grundschober, M., K\u00f6stenberger, M., Muhle, P., Schefold, J.C., & Zuercher, P. (2024). Management of swallowing disorders in ICU patients: A multinational expert opinion. Journal of Critical Care, 79, 154447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2023.154447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2023.154447"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pillay, M., Tiwari, R., Kathard, H., & Chikte, U. (2020). Sustainable workforce: South African audiologists and speech therapists. Human Resources for Health, 18, 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12960-020-00488-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-020-00488-6"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenbek, J.C., Robbins, J.A., Roecker, E.B., Coyle, J.L., & Wood, J.L. (1996). A penetration-aspiration scale. Dysphagia, 11(2), 93\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00417897","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417897"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schefold, J.C., Berger, D., Z\u00fcrcher, P., Lensch, M., Perren, A., Jakob, S.M., Parviainen, I., & Takala, J. (2017). Dysphagia in mechanically ventilated ICU patients (DYnAMICS): A prospective observational trial. Critical Care Medicine, 45(12), 2061\u20132069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002765","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002765"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Skoretz, S.A., Riopelle, S.J., Wellman, L., & Dawson, C. (2020). Investigating swallowing and tracheostomy following critical illness: A scoping review. Critical Care Medicine, 48(2), e141\u2013e151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004098","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004098"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spronk, P.E., Spronk, L.E., Egerod, I., McGaughey, J., McRae, J., Rose, L., & Brodsky, M.B. (2022). Dysphagia in intensive care evaluation (DICE): An international cross-sectional survey. Dysphagia, 37(6), 1451\u20131460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00455-021-10389-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-021-10389-y"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zuercher, P., Moret, C. S., Dziewas, R., & Schefold, J.C. (2019). Dysphagia in the intensive care unit: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical management. Critical Care, 23, 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-019-2400-2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-019-2400-2"}],"container-title":["South African Journal of Communication Disorders"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T06:27:08Z","timestamp":1757917628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sajcd.org.za\/index.php\/sajcd\/article\/view\/1116"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/sajcd.v72i2.1116","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-8046","2225-4765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"2225-4765","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"article-number":"a1116"}}