{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T19:43:06Z","timestamp":1788291786197,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0The National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICDs) of South Africa (SA) provides technical support to healthcare workers (HCWs) with regard to infectious diseases through the NICD clinician hotline. Queries to the hotline are often about rabies prophylaxis. An analysis of these queries may help to identify knowledge gaps amongst HCWs regarding prevention of rabies in humans in SA.Methods:\u00a0A retrospective descriptive review was conducted to analyse rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) queries received by the NICD from 01 January 2016 to 31 December 2019.Results:\u00a0A total of 4655 queries were received by the NICD clinician hotline for the study period, of which 2461 pertained to rabies PEP (52.87%). The largest number of calls were placed by HCWs (n\u00a0= 2313\/2437; 94.9%). Queries originated mainly from Gauteng (n\u00a0= 912\/2443; 37.3%) and KwaZulu-Natal (n\u00a0= 875\/2443; 35.8%) provinces. A total of 50 different types of animals were related to exposures involving humans. Dogs (67.7%) and cats (11.8%) were the animals most frequently reported and exposure category III was most common (88.6%). Approximately equal numbers of callers were advised active management of administering rabies PEP and conservative management of withholding PEP. This did not seem to be affected by the exposure category related to the call.Conclusion:\u00a0This analysis shows the ongoing demand by HCWs for technical support regarding patient management following potential exposure to rabies. Gaps in HCWs rabies knowledge provide unique learning points on guiding training to achieve the goal of eliminating dog-mediated human rabies deaths by 2030.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/sajid.v37i1.354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T12:59:39Z","timestamp":1655211579000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A retrospective review of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis queries, South Africa, 2016\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9635-7933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trisha A.","family":"Whitbread","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3321-9909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen J.","family":"Kabuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4367-5011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nimesh","family":"Naran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6652-2245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amilcar M.","family":"Juggernath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7500-432X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moushumi A.","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2828-7678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucille H.","family":"Blumberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9471-2890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Weyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9062-9667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivien","family":"Essel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","year":"2018","journal-title":"WHO expert consultation on rabies, third report [document on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371%2Fjournal.pntd.0003709","volume":"9","author":"Hampson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"CIT0003","first-page":"360","volume":"83","author":"Knobel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"CIT0004","author":"Bishop","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rabies: Guide for the medical, veterinary and allied professions [homepage on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0005","author":"Weyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"MIMS handbook of general medicine \u2013 Volume 1 [homepage on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0006","journal-title":"Disease database: Confirmed animal rabies cases in SA, 2016\u20132019 [homepage on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.7196%2Fsamj.2020.v110i9.14324","volume":"110","author":"Weyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3056","DOI":"10.3201%2Feid2612.203592","volume":"26","author":"Coertse","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.3201%2Feid1212.060764","volume":"12","author":"Paweska","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"CIT0010","journal-title":"Animal Health Act No. 7 of 2002 [statuette on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4102%2Fjsava.v91i0.2036","volume":"91","author":"Grobbelaar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J S Afr Vet Assoc"},{"key":"CIT0012","year":"2012","journal-title":"The truth about rabies [document on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0013","year":"2014","journal-title":"WHO guide for rabies pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis in humans [document on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080%2F20786204.2007.10873599","volume":"49","author":"Blumberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"S Afr Fam Pract"},{"key":"CIT0015","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zero By 30: The global strategic plan to end human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030 [document on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111%2Fzph.12458","volume":"65","author":"Beyene","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A54","DOI":"10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2019.01.030","volume":"37","author":"Tran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"CIT0018","journal-title":"Division of public health surveillance and response: Objectives[homepage on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0019","first-page":"7","volume":"17","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frequently asked questions to the NICD 24-hour hotline. Communicable Dis Communiqu\u00e9 [serial online]"},{"key":"CIT0020","first-page":"9","volume":"17","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frequently asked questions on the NICD 24-hour hotline. Communicable Dis Communiqu\u00e9 [serial online]"},{"key":"CIT0021","first-page":"8","volume":"18","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frequently asked questions to the NICD 24-hour hotline. Communicable Dis Communiqu\u00e9 [serial online]"},{"key":"CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2020.105446","volume":"206","author":"Mbaipago","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"CIT0023","year":"2008","journal-title":"Outbreak communication planning guide [homepage on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0024","first-page":"3","volume":"21","year":"2022","journal-title":"An update on rabies in South Africa. Communicable Dis Communiqu\u00e9 [serial online]"},{"key":"CIT0025","year":"2019","journal-title":"WHO guideline: Recommendations on digital interventions for health system strengthening [homepage on the Internet]"},{"key":"CIT0026","first-page":"2","volume":"20","year":"2021","journal-title":"An update on rabies in South Africa. Communicable Dis Communiqu\u00e9 [serial online]"}],"container-title":["Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/sajid.co.za\/index.php\/sajid\/article\/viewFile\/354\/1042","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sajid.co.za\/index.php\/sajid\/article\/viewFile\/354\/1043","content-type":"application\/epub+zip","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sajid.co.za\/index.php\/sajid\/article\/viewFile\/354\/1044","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sajid.co.za\/index.php\/sajid\/article\/viewFile\/354\/1045","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/sajid.co.za\/index.php\/sajid\/article\/viewFile\/354\/1045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T07:15:22Z","timestamp":1664867722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sajid.co.za\/index.php\/sajid\/article\/view\/354"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/sajid.v37i1.354","relation":{},"ISSN":["2313-1810","2312-0053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2313-1810","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2312-0053","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]}}}