{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T17:59:35Z","timestamp":1793037575498,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719705600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Approximately 20 to 120 million women of reproductive age worldwide are thought to be affected by female genital schistosomiasis (FGS). It is a preventable manifestation of schistosomiasis in adolescent girls and women, which remains underreported, underdiagnosed, or misdiagnosed, and largely untreated.\n\nObjective:\u00a0This study aimed to map evidence on the knowledge and management of FGS from 1950 to 2022 in sub-Saharan Africa.\n\nMethod:\u00a0The Arksey and O\u2019Malley and Levac et al. framework suggestions and a guideline from Joanna Briggs Institute will be employed. Search for literature will be in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, MEDLINE via PubMed, and Google Scholar from 1950 to 2022 for useful published research articles using key phrases or search terms and grey literature with limitations for studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. Two reviewers will screen the articles. Kappa coefficients by Cohen statistics will be computed for inter-screener agreement, and the selected articles will be evaluated using Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT).\n\nResults:\u00a0The researchers will map and explore the evidence of the knowledge and management of FGS in the subregion. The years of publications, countries of study, and settings will be reported, and the identified research gaps will be reported.\n\nConclusion:\u00a0The researchers anticipate that this study will determine and map the evidence on the knowledge and management of FGS in sub-Saharan Africa; identify knowledge and management gaps, and direct future research.\n\nContribution:\u00a0This study will add to the literature on FGS and direct future research regarding the knowledge and management of FGS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/sajid.v39i1.553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,8]],"date-time":"2024-06-08T10:28:15Z","timestamp":1717842495000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Knowledge and management of female genital schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review protocol"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4199-9039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Comfort D.","family":"Tetteh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qzfn040","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2151-1251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jabulani R.","family":"Ncayiyana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qzfn040","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8661-3075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sizwe E.","family":"Makhunga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qzfn040","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7005-5707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfred K.","family":"Manyeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/054tfvs49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Health and Allied Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7910-3704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel A.","family":"Asiamah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qzfn040","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0993-8308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Themba G.","family":"Ginindza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04qzfn040","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmood L, Haider A, Asif W. P394 Schistosomiasis in Ireland, a case report. Archiv Dis Childhood. 2019;104(Suppl 3):A314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2019-epa.740","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-epa.740"},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"WHO. Schistosomiasis fact sheet [homepage on the Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022 [cited 2022 May 18]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/schistosomiasis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weerakoon KG, Gobert GN, Cai P, McManus DP. Advances in the diagnosis of human schistosomiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015;28(4):939\u2013967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00137-14","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00137-14"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gray DJ, Ross AG, Li Y-S, McManus DP. Diagnosis and management of schistosomiasis. BMJ. 2011;342(d2651):33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.d2651","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d2651"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lai YS, Biedermann P, Ekpo UF, et al. Spatial distribution of schistosomiasis and treatment needs in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and geostatistical analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015;15(8):927\u2013940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00066-3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00066-3"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adenowo AF, Oyinloye BE, Ogunyinka BI, Kappo AP. Impact of human schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. Braz J Infect Dis. 2015;19(2):196\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjid.2014.11.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2014.11.004"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"USAID. No more neglect, Female genital schistosomiasis and HIV: Integrating sexual and reproductive health interventions to improve women\u2019s lives. Report No.: UNAIDS\/JC2979. 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Association between genital schistosomiasis and HIV in rural Zimbabwean women. AIDS. 2006;20(4):593\u2013600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.aids.0000210614.45212.0a","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000210614.45212.0a"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baan M, Galappaththi-Arachchige HN, Gagai S, et al. The Accuracy of Praziquantel Dose Poles for Mass Treatment of Schistosomiasis in School Girls in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10(5):e0004623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004623","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004623"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kjetland EF, Hegertun IE, Baay MF, Onsrud M, Ndhlovu PD, Taylor M. Genital schistosomiasis and its unacknowledged role on HIV transmission in the STD intervention studies. 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Urogenital schistosomiasis in women of reproductive age in Tanzania\u2019s Lake Victoria region. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011;84(3):364\u2013369.","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0585"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leutscher P, Ravaoalimalala VE, Raharisolo C, et al. Clinical findings in female genital schistosomiasis in Madagascar. Trop Med Int Health. 2002;3(4):327\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00230.x","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1998.00230.x"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yirenya-Tawiah D, Amoah C, Apea-Kubi K, et al. Female Genital Schistosomiasis, Genital Tract Infections and HIV Co-infection in the Volta Basin of Ghana. Int J Trop Dis Health. 2013;3(2):94\u2013103.","DOI":"10.9734\/IJTDH\/2013\/1010"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magaisa K, Taylor M, Kjetland EF, Naidoo PJ. A review of the control of schistosomiasis in South Africa. 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