{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:58:00Z","timestamp":1785427080801,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary infection with Varicella-Zoster virus causes varicella (chickenpox). Thereafter, following reactivation after a period of latency, it can cause zoster (shingles). Simultaneous occurrence of varicella and zoster is rare, particularly in children.\nContribution: We describe an 11-year-old girl, HIV-positive, but not receiving antiretrovirals, who presented with contemporaneous varicella and zoster, with the possibility of disseminated zoster also considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/sajid.v41i1.824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T13:40:58Z","timestamp":1779457258000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contemporaneous varicella and zoster or disseminated zoster? A diagnostic challenge in an HIV-positive child"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9998-3279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy","family":"Batyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Tambo Memorial Hospital, Gauteng Department of Health, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4286-4888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tshepile","family":"Tlali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00znvbk37","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"National Health Laboratory Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8154-7570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preethi","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Tambo Memorial Hospital, Gauteng Department of Health, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8297-0403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matilda","family":"Mphahlele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03rp50x72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of the Witwatersrand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miranda MF, Guerra APB, De Oliveira e Castro TSM, Godinho SMGG. Concomitant presentation of varicella and herpes zoster \u2013 Is it possible? Pediatric Oncall J. 2018;15(4):103\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7199\/ped.oncall.2018.49","DOI":"10.7199\/ped.oncall.2018.49"},{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Saleh HM, Ayoade F, Kumar S. Varicella-Zoster virus (Chickenpox) [homepage on the Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; 2025 [cited 2026 Feb 18]. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28846365\/"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Nair PA, Patel BC. Herpes zoster [homepage on the Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; 2025 [cited 2026 Feb 16]. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28722854\/"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alghamdi F, Dajam M, Abualola A, Alomari A. Herpes zoster in a 4-year-old immunocompetent child: A case report. Authorea. 2025;1:1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22541\/au.174295995.50215948\/v1","DOI":"10.22541\/au.174295995.50215948\/v1"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moodley A, Swanson J, Grose C, Bonthius DJ. Severe herpes zoster following varicella vaccination in immunocompetent young children. J Child Neurol. 2019;34(4):184\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0883073818821498","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073818821498"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Memarian S, Khodabandeh M, Gharib B. The very rare concurrency of herpes zoster and varicella in a 4-year-old boy. Int J Pediatr. 2020;8(6):114257\u2013114428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22038\/ijp.2020.46220.3765"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strozak A, Misztela-Lisiecka E, Waska G, Nowakowski P, Miernik-Skrzypczak MA. Risk factors and clinical features of herpes zoster in children: A case series. Cureus. 2025;17(9):e92147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.92147","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.92147"}],"container-title":["Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/sajid.co.za\/index.php\/sajid\/article\/view\/824\/2087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T13:41:01Z","timestamp":1779457261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/sajid.co.za\/index.php\/sajid\/article\/view\/824"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/sajid.v41i1.824","relation":{},"ISSN":["2312-0053","2313-1810"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2312-0053","type":"print"},{"value":"2313-1810","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"article-number":"a824"}}