{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T13:42:02Z","timestamp":1780926122452,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"AOSIS","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535587200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["S. Afr. j. physiother."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Measuring pain in patients whose home language is not English can be difficult as there may not be a scale available in their home language. Scales devised in other countries may also not be accurate after translation.Objectives:\u00a0The aim of this study was to develop and test a new verbal pain descriptor scale in a Tswana-speaking population in South Africa with low back pain.Method:\u00a0Two separate Tswana-speaking groups (20 males and 20 females) of patients with low back pain were asked to describe each of four categories of pain: mild, moderate, severe and worst. They then voted and descriptions obtaining more than 70% of the vote were taken to the next round of voting with both groups together. A final scale of one description for each category of pain (Tswana Verbal Pain Descriptor Scale \u2013 TVPDS) for both males and females was tested on a sample of 250 patients with low back pain and against three other non-verbal pain scales.Results:\u00a0All items on the final scale were approved by at least 70% of both male and female participants. The scores for the TVPDS correlated well with present pain perception (r\u00a0= 0.729,\u00a0p\u00a0&lt; 0.0001) measured on the numerical visual analogue scale. The TVPDS correlated well with the Wong\u2013Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (r\u00a0= 0.695,\u00a0p\u00a0&lt; 0.0001) and the Pakistani Coin Pain Scale (r\u00a0= 0.717,\u00a0p\u00a0&lt; 0.0001).Conclusion:\u00a0The TVPDS has the potential to be a useful clinical scale but more testing in other languages is still required.Clinical implications:\u00a0This pain scale has the potential to be a useful scale to use for Tswana-speaking persons with low back pain and could also be useful for persons of other languages, if translated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4102\/sajp.v74i1.460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,29]],"date-time":"2018-08-29T11:33:25Z","timestamp":1535542405000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A verbal descriptor incremental pain scale developed by South African Tswana-speaking patients with low back pain"],"prefix":"10.4102","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5205-4754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Yazbek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8333-7220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aimee V.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6533-5213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison","family":"Bentley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2580","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200012150-00014"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref0002","first-page":"207","volume":"15","author":"Callister","year":"2003","journal-title":"Practice"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref0003","first-page":"288","volume":"10","author":"Channing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain Medicine"},{"key":"ref0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(97)00005-5"},{"key":"ref0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2009.00620.x"},{"key":"ref0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2011\/14\/61","volume":"14","author":"Gentile","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"ref0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jphp.2011.35"},{"key":"ref0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00459-0"},{"key":"ref0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90133-3"},{"key":"ref0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2006.05.0051"},{"key":"ref0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-8-105"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref0012","first-page":"2144","volume":"5","author":"Manyani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Social Science"},{"key":"ref0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2006.04.034"},{"key":"ref0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2006.026435"},{"key":"ref0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90176-P"},{"key":"ref0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063986"},{"key":"ref0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.01.037"},{"key":"ref0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926488.2010.510926"},{"key":"ref0019","first-page":"24","volume":"36","author":"Stewart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain Rehabilitation - 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