{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:32:46Z","timestamp":1787761966786,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Local anaesthetics are drugs that are widely used in clinical practice. However, the effects of these drugs on the neuromuscular junction and their influence on the blockade produced by non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking drugs are still under investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the influence of a 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture on neuromuscular transmission and neuromuscular block produced by pancuronium.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Rats were distributed into three groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 5) according to the drug studied namely, 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture (5 \u03bcg\/mL); pancuronium (2 \u03bcg\/mL); 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture + pancuronium. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) Effects of a 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture on membrane potential (MP) and miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs); (2) amplitude of diaphragmatic response before and 60 min after the addition of a 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture; the degree of neuromuscular block with pancuronium and pancuronium combined with a 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture did not alter the amplitude of muscle response (MP) but decreased the frequency and amplitude of MEPP. The block produced by pancuronium was potentiated by a 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture used alone did not affect neuromuscular transmission, but potentiated the neuromuscular block produced by pancuronium. No action was shown on the muscle fibre, and alterations on MEPPs demonstrated a presynaptic action.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.170019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,20]],"date-time":"2015-11-20T08:47:24Z","timestamp":1448009244000},"page":"701-705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture combined with pancuronium on neuromuscular transmission in rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation; a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Angelica de F\u00e1tima","family":"de Assun\u00e7\u00e3o Braga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Henriques","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franklin Sarmento","family":"da Silva Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria Maria Braga","family":"Pot\u00e9rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filipe Nadir Caparica","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Eduardo F\u00e9res","family":"Junqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20251205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-197809000-00014","article-title":"Interaction of muscle relaxants and local anesthetics at the neuromuscular junction","volume":"57","author":"Matsuo","year":"1978","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R2-20251205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1103900411","article-title":"Effect of epidural levobupivacaine on recovery from vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery","volume":"39","author":"Sahin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"R3-20251205","first-page":"136","article-title":"Effect of ropivacaine combined with pancuronium on neuromuscular transmission and effectiveness of neostigmine and 4-aminopyridine for blockade reversal: Experimental study","volume":"65","author":"Braga Ade","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Bras Anestesiol"},{"key":"R4-20251205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-70942006000600013","article-title":"Comparision of hemodynamic effects of acute intoxication with racemic bupivacaine and 50% enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture (S75:R25). 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