{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:21:02Z","timestamp":1790713262289,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Anaesth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.183391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T02:01:55Z","timestamp":1464832915000},"page":"388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Ultrasound versus fluoroscopy-guided caudal epidural steroid injection for the treatment of chronic low back pain with radiculopathy: A randomised, controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Dipasri","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ArindamKumar","family":"Hazra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayantan","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santanu","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manasij","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohanchandra","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d5278","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5278","article-title":"Effect of caudal epidural steroid or saline injection in chronic lumbar radiculopathy: Multicentre, blinded, randomised controlled trial","author":"Iversen","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-2","unstructured":"Bindra S, Sinha AG, Benjamin AI. Epidemiology of Low Back Pain in Indian Population: A Review. Available from: http:\/\/www.cibtech.org\/jms.htm. ."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/bjaceaccp\/mkp043","article-title":"Epidural steroids","author":"Collighan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park Y, Lee JH, Park KD, Ahn JK, Park J, Jee H. Ultrasound-guided vs. fluoroscopy-guided caudal epidural steroid injection for the treatment of unilateral lower lumbar radicular pain: A prospective, randomized, single-blind clinical study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2013;92:575-86.","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e318292356b"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-5","first-page":"19","article-title":"Caudal epidural steroid injection: A randomized controlled trial","author":"Murakibhavi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Evid Based Spine Care J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-6","first-page":"741018","article-title":"Side effects of radiographic contrast media: Pathogenesis, risk factors, and prevention","author":"Andreucci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200407000-00028","article-title":"Ultrasound guidance in caudal epidural needle placement","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-012-1434-1","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided selective nerve root block versus fluoroscopy-guided transforaminal block for the treatment of radicular pain in the lower cervical spine: A randomized, blinded, controlled study","author":"Jee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2003.22.11.1229","article-title":"Sonographically guided caudal epidural steroid injections","author":"Klocke","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2007.01.006","article-title":"Practical Bayesian adaptive randomisation in clinical trials","author":"Thall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-11","first-page":"2940","article-title":"The Oswestry disability index","author":"Fairbank","year":"1976","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-12","first-page":"167","article-title":"Are fluoroscopic caudal epidural steroid injections effective for managing chronic low back pain?","author":"Southern","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-13","first-page":"187","article-title":"Fluoroscopically guided caudal epidural steroid injections for lumbar spinal stenosis: A restrospective evaluation of long term efficacy","author":"Barre","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-008-9035-2","article-title":"Complications and pitfalls of lumbar interlaminar and transforaminal epidural injections","author":"Goodman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2002\/5\/182","article-title":"Role of neuraxial steroids in interventional pain management","author":"Manchikanti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-16","first-page":"162","article-title":"Comparative study of C-arm guided caudal-epidural block with bupivacaine and steroid versus normal saline and steroid for relief of chronic low back pain-our experience in 100 cases","author":"Pandit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Pain","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0970-5333","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0019-5049.183391-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2014.27.1.3","article-title":"Epidural lysis of adhesions","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T13:25:24Z","timestamp":1786713924000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0019-5049.183391"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"alternative-id":["183391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5049.183391","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5049","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}