{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:39:59Z","timestamp":1787071199159,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is the term applied to a heterogeneous group of disorders resulting in iron deposition in the basal ganglia. Well-known phenotypic features are progressive regression with extra pyramidal involvement and a variable course. A 10-year-old child born to consanguineous parents presented with progressive generalized opisthotonic dystonia, retrocollis, oromandibular dyskinesias, apraxia for swallowing, optic atrophy and severe self-mutilation of lips. MR imaging showed brain iron accumulation. Other causes of self-mutilation were excluded. Early infantile onset, ophisthotonic dystonia with oromandibular dyskinesias and characteristic MR images are suggestive of NBIA. There is only one case reported in the literature of self-mutilation in this condition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.156387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,6]],"date-time":"2015-05-06T02:33:56Z","timestamp":1430879636000},"page":"290-292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Self-Mutilation in Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Sadanandavalli Retnaswami","family":"Chandra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawan","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas Gregor","family":"Issac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.03955.x","article-title":"Childhood disorders of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA)","volume":"53","author":"Kurian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"R3-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2012.03.005","article-title":"Syndromes of neurodegeneration with brain Iron accumulation","volume":"19","author":"Schneider","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"R4-20250921","first-page":"299","article-title":"Self-inflicted injury in a case of Hallervorden-Spatz disease","volume":"9","author":"Sheehy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"R5-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25490","article-title":"Dystonic opisthotonus: A \u201cred flag\u201d for neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation syndromes?","volume":"28","author":"Stamelou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"R6-20250921","first-page":"432","article-title":"Genetics of Movement Disorders","author":"Pulst","journal-title":"Academic Press"},{"key":"R7-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.06.016","article-title":"Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation \u2013 Clinical syndromesand neuroimaging","volume":"1822","author":"Schipper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"R8-20250921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.05.006","article-title":"MRI Estimates of brain iron concentration in normal aging: Comparison of Field-Dependent (FDRI) and phase (SWI) Methods","volume":"47","author":"Pfefferbaum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00076423-201560030-00015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:42:59Z","timestamp":1787067779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00076423-201560030-00015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5154.156387","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5154","1998-3611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5154","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-09-01","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-01-01","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}