{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:34:44Z","timestamp":1787841284785,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation are seen in many dermatologic disorders, for example, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, vitiligo, acne vulgaris, pemphigus vulgaris (PV), lichen planus, and alopecia areata. ROS has an important role in the inflammation process. In PV, increased production of ROS leads to decline of antioxidants in plasma and red blood cells which results in oxidative stress. We aimed to evaluate the level of these antioxidants in PV patients and compare it to the controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among patients attending the dermatology clinics, 30 patients with PV, who had never been on treatment, were enrolled to the study. The control group consisted of 30 age- and sex-matched healthy non-smoker individuals. Venous blood was collected from the subjects for the evaluation of plasma levels of glutathione peroxidase, vitamin C, selenium, bilirubin, and uric acid.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Age mean and standard deviation of the patients (40.83, 12.74) was comparable to the controls (41.96, 13.08). Mean level of uric acid was significantly lower in PV patients compared to the controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006). Other antioxidants were not different between the two groups. Uric acid of the patients with mucosal involvement was significantly lower than patients with mucocutaneous involvement (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.049).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Limitations:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The blood level of other antioxidants (e.g. malondialdehyde) was not evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Uric acid as an antioxidant in our study had similar changes to previous studies in the field of other diseases but selenium, bilirubin, and glutathione peroxidase did not differ between patients and controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.82480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,30]],"date-time":"2011-06-30T00:54:09Z","timestamp":1309395249000},"page":"278-281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["URIC ACID: A NEW ANTIOXIDANT IN PATIENTS WITH PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Yousefi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behrooz","family":"Barikbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parviz","family":"Toossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Lotfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Hedayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prevention and Treatment of Obesity, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shima","family":"Younespour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2009.11.006","article-title":"Clinical activity of pemphigus vulgaris relates to IgE autoantibodies against desmoglein 3","volume":"134","author":"Nagel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"R2-20250920","first-page":"500","article-title":"Pemphigus vulgaris: A 11-year review","volume":"110","author":"Chmurova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"key":"R3-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1515\/JBCPP.2003.14.1.31","article-title":"Lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in plasma and red blood cells from patients with pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"14","author":"Naziro\u00f0lu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"R4-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2007.05.010","article-title":"Interplay among oxidants, antioxidants, and cytokines in skin disorders: Present status and future considerations","volume":"61","author":"Portugal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"R5-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2003.00751.x","article-title":"Antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation and skin diseases. What's new","volume":"17","author":"Briganti","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"R6-20250920","first-page":"73","article-title":"Role of bilirubin as antioxidant in neonatal jaundice and effect of ethanolic extract of sweet lime peel on experimentally induced jaundice in rat","volume":"46","author":"Nag","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"R7-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6858","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.11.6858","article-title":"Uric acid provides an antioxidant defense in humans against oxidant- and radical-caused aging and cancer: A hypothesis","volume":"78","author":"Ames","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R8-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/95.10.691","article-title":"Uric acid: An important antioxidant in acute ischaemic stroke","volume":"95","author":"Waring","year":"2002","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"R9-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5918","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.16.5918","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of albumin-bound bilirubin","volume":"84","author":"Stocker","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R10-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1155\/1999\/16374","article-title":"Bilirubin as an anti-oxidant for surgical stress: A preliminary report of bilirubin oxidative metabolites","volume":"11","author":"Kozaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"HPB Surg"},{"key":"R11-20250920","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antioxidants","volume":"31","author":"Percival","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition Insights"},{"key":"R12-20250920","first-page":"857","article-title":"High-dose antioxidant administration is associated with a reduction in post-injury complications in critically ill trauma patients","volume":"41","author":"Giladi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R13-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/1117-1936.177149","article-title":"Plasma selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in HIV-1\/AIDS infected patients: A correlation with the disease progression","volume":"13","author":"Ogunro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Niger Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"R14-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2006.10.003","article-title":"Effect of selenium supplementation on biochemical markers and outcome in critically ill patients","volume":"26","author":"Mishra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R15-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199909000-00017","article-title":"Selenium replacement in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome improves clinical outcome","volume":"27","author":"Angstwurm","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R16-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01124-9","article-title":"Increased oxidative stress in childhood atopic dermatitis","volume":"69","author":"Omata","year":"2001","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"R17-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2002.tb00293.x","article-title":"Blood thiols and malondialdehyde levels in psoriasis","volume":"29","author":"Relhan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"R18-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2004.01080.x","article-title":"The role of oxidants and antioxidants in generalized vitiligo at tissue level","volume":"18","author":"Yildirim","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"R19-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1978.tb06082.x","article-title":"Acne vulgaris and lipid peroxidation: New concepts in pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"17","author":"Ayres","year":"1978","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"R20-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2007.02436.x","article-title":"Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in lichen planus","volume":"32","author":"Sezer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"R21-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-1811(02)00015-4","article-title":"Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the scalp of patients with alopecia areata","volume":"29","author":"Akar","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"R22-20250920","first-page":"4","article-title":"Introducing a novel Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS) in pemphigus","volume":"17","author":"Pf\u00fctze","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"R23-20250920","first-page":"558","article-title":"Does plasmapheresis affect the production of free radicals and the antioxidant system?","volume":"135","author":"Eiselt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cas Lek Cesk"},{"key":"R24-20250920","first-page":"282","article-title":"Pemphigus vulgaris. A presentation of 14 cases and review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Camacho-Alonso","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"R25-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230290166724","article-title":"Oxidation of biological systems: Oxidative stress phenomena, antioxidants, redox reactions, and methods for their quantification","volume":"30","author":"Kohen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"R26-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1089\/15230860260220175","article-title":"Oxidative stress and its role in skin disease","volume":"4","author":"Trouba","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"R27-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200109000-00005","article-title":"Systemic uric acid administration increases serum antioxidant capacity in healthy volunteers","volume":"38","author":"Waring","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"R28-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2006_3294","article-title":"Red blood cell and plasma glutathione peroxidase activities and selenium concentration in patients with chronic kidney disease: A review","volume":"53","author":"Zachara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Biochim Pol"},{"key":"R29-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000251124.83436.0E","article-title":"Selenium in Intensive Care (SIC): Results of a prospective randomized, placebo-controlled, multiple-center study in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock","volume":"35","author":"Angstwurm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00076423-201156030-00005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:48:27Z","timestamp":1787838507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00076423-201156030-00005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5154.82480","relation":{},"ISSN":["0019-5154","1998-3611"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0019-5154","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3611","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-07-01","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-10-01","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}