{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:17:30Z","timestamp":1787771850757,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is commonly seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients having concomitant opportunistic infection, following initiation of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). We describe IRIS in a young man with unknown human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status who presented with cryptococcal lymphadenitis as the first manifestation of AIDS. At presentation the patient had features overlapping with tuberculosis (TB) lymphadenitis which was ruled out by fine needle aspiration cytology. The patient responded to antifungal treatment but following the start of HAART, symptoms recurred which were managed conservatively. Though TB is common in India, a thorough workup including histopathology of lymph node should be done before the patient is started on anti-tuberculosis treatment. HIV infected patients having opportunistic co-infection should be closely monitored following initiation of HAART.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0022-3859.37514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,26]],"date-time":"2009-02-26T01:27:10Z","timestamp":1235611630000},"page":"250-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with cryptococcal lymphadenitis as the first presentation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Tahir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SK","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CJ","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70551-5","article-title":"Containing HIV\/AIDS in India: the unfinished agenda","volume":"6","author":"Chandrasekaran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"R2-8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000161769.06158.8a","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"19","author":"Shelburne","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R3-8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1086\/428618","article-title":"The role of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in AIDS-related Cryptococcus neoformans disease in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"40","author":"Shelburne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R4-8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1080\/00365549850161223","article-title":"HIV combination therapy: immune restitution causing cryptococcal lymphadenitis dramatically improved by anti-inflammatory therapy","volume":"30","author":"Blanche","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R5-8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.02.031","article-title":"Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Report of four cases in three patients and review of the literature","volume":"51","author":"Skiest","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"R6-8-20240205","first-page":"349","article-title":"Cryptococcal lymphadenitis and meningitis in human immunodeficiency virus infection--a case report","volume":"45","author":"Das","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol"},{"key":"R7-8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1159\/000326096","article-title":"Cryptococcal lymphadenitis: Report of a case with fine needle aspiration cytology","volume":"49","author":"Garbyal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"R8-8-20240205","first-page":"370","article-title":"Cryptococcal lymphadenitis diagnosed by FNAC in a HIV positive individual","volume":"49","author":"Shravanakumar","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"R9-8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000174450.70874.30","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome complicating HIV-associated cryptococcosis in France","volume":"19","author":"Lortholary","year":"2005","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"R10-8-20240205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200412150-00007","article-title":"Incidence of immune reconstitution syndrome in HIV\/tuberculosis-coinfected patients after initiation of generic antiretroviral therapy in India","volume":"37","author":"Kumarasamy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Postgraduate Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00005257-200753040-00008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:17:48Z","timestamp":1787768268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00005257-200753040-00008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0022-3859.37514","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3859"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3859","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007]]}}}