{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:40:57Z","timestamp":1786650057101,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Paroxysmal occipital discharges (PODs) demonstrating the phenomena of fixation-off sensitivity have classically been described in childhood epilepsies with occipital paroxysms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We attempted to delineate the demographic, clinical and imaging characteristics of patients whose interictal electroencephalograms (EEGs) showed occipital discharges with fixation-off sensitivity at our center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the period between 2003 and 2005, patients whose interictal EEGs showed PODs were included in the study. A detailed history, clinical examination and EEG findings along with imaging characteristics were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 9,104 interictal EEGs screened during the study period, 11 patients (6 females and 5 males) aged between 5 and 17 years were identified to have PODs with fixation-off sensitivity. Five had history of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Three patients could be classified under Panayiotopoulos syndrome; the remaining 8 (72.2%) patients had symptomatic epilepsy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that the phenomenon of fixation-off sensitivity is found not only in patients of idiopathic focal epilepsies, but also in a substantial number of patients of symptomatic epilepsy. The high proportion of symptomatic epilepsy with phenomenon of fixation-off sensitivity may be related to the referral pattern.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.103183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,3]],"date-time":"2012-11-03T09:32:12Z","timestamp":1351935132000},"page":"461-464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Paroxysmal occipital discharges suppressed by eye opening"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Bhavna","family":"Kaul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garima","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinay","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achal","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhuri","family":"Behari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-2-20240802","first-page":"139","article-title":"Fixation-off, scotosensitive, and other visual-related epilepsies","volume":"75","author":"Panayiotopoulos","year":"1998","journal-title":"AdvNeurol"},{"key":"R2-2-20240802","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.1.231","article-title":"Fixation-off-sensitive epilepsy with absences and absence status: Video-EEG documentation","volume":"48","author":"Agathonikou","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R3-2-20240802","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2009.0235","article-title":"Fixation-off sensitivity in epilepsies other than the idiopathic epilepsies of childhood with occipital paroxysms: A 12-year clinical-video-EEG study","volume":"11","author":"Koutroumanidis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"R5-2-20240802","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(00)00152-2","article-title":"Fixation-off sensitivity as a model of continuous epileptiform discharges: Electroencephalographic, neuropsychological and functional MRI findings","volume":"42","author":"Krakow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"R6-2-20240802","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1988.tb03771.x","article-title":"Clinical findings in children with occipital paroxysmal discharges","volume":"29","author":"Fois","year":"1988","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"R7-2-20240802","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1053\/seiz.2000.0526","article-title":"Clinical correlations of electroencephalographic occipital epileptiform paroxysms in children","volume":"10","author":"Martinovic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"R8-2-20240802","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1992.tb02345.x","article-title":"Clinical manifestations in children with occipital spike-wave paroxysms","volume":"33","author":"Talwar","year":"1992","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"R9-2-20240802","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1995.tb01665.x","article-title":"Occipital paroxysmal discharges suppressed by eye opening: Variability in clinical and seizure manifestations in childhood","volume":"36","author":"Maher","year":"1995","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"R10-2-20240802","first-page":"1544","article-title":"Clinical correlations of occipital epileptiform discharges in children","volume":"54","author":"Libenson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Neurology India"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/02223311-201260050-00002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:01:33Z","timestamp":1786647693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/02223311-201260050-00002"}},"subtitle":["Spectrum of clinical and imaging features at a tertiary care center in India"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0028-3886.103183","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3886"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3886","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}}}