{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:35:57Z","timestamp":1787841357339,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Verbal fluency test is a short psychometric test, which is sensitive to verbal ability and executive control impairment. We did not find studies that analyze verbal fluency in relation to the neurodevelopmental disorders in Spanish-speaking children with letters P-M. Our objective was to analyze the verbal fluency of Spanish-speaking children with neurodevelopmental disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We carried out a retrospective cross-sectional study to analyze the performance of children who had undergone a neuropsychological assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 164 patients. There were 55 (33.54%) patients with low intellectual performance (LIP), 19 (11.59%) patients with dyslexia, and 90 (54.88%) patients had an ADHD. Patients with LIP showed lower phonological fluency than patients with ADHD. As for semantic fluidity, differences were observed between patients with LIP and ADHD and also between LIP and dyslexia. The probability of having LIP was 9.6 times greater when somebody had a scale score lower than 7 in the PF task and it was 16.7 times greater when the scale score was lower than 7 in the SF task.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was a direct relationship between FSIQ and the performance in verbal fluency test, which is a brief and effective neuropsychological test in revealing deficits in executive functions, verbal abilities, and LIP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.310066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T01:22:00Z","timestamp":1619400120000},"page":"102-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Letter and category Fluency Test in Spanish-Speaking Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Esteban Vaucheret","family":"Paz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Neurology and Child Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celeste","family":"Puga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Neurology and Child Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christy","family":"Ekonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Pintos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Trossero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Lascombes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soledad","family":"De Vita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Leist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Neurology and Child Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariela","family":"Corleto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9 Garc\u00eda","family":"Basalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology Section, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1590\/2317-1782\/20142014050","article-title":"Phonological and semantic verbal fluency: A comparative study in hearing-impaired and normal-hearing people","volume":"26","author":"Santos","journal-title":"CoDAS"},{"key":"R2-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1006\/brln.1997.1755","article-title":"The psychological construct of word fluency","volume":"57","author":"Ruff","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Lang"},{"key":"R3-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1080\/13803390490918499","article-title":"Phonemic fluency, semantic fluency, and difference scores: Normative data for adult Hebrew speakers","volume":"27","author":"Kav\u00e9","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"key":"R4-20250925","first-page":"561","article-title":"[Spanish verbal fluency. 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