{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:36:00Z","timestamp":1787841360925,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.310070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T01:22:00Z","timestamp":1619400120000},"page":"222-227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Combination Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Antibody Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Vinit","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlie W","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"},{"name":"Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varsha","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, New Jersey, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801946","article-title":"Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in lung cancer with a high tumor mutational burden","volume":"378","author":"Hellmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R2-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1703481","article-title":"Immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"378","author":"Postow","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R3-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2016.12.1.1","article-title":"The diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis","volume":"12","author":"Lancaster","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"R4-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1711.1999.00795.x","article-title":"The role of CTLA-4 in the regulation of T cell immune responses","volume":"77","author":"McCoy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"R5-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.108","article-title":"The diverse functions of the PD1 inhibitory pathway","volume":"18","author":"Sharpe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"R6-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6681","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0187","article-title":"Prognostic factors related to clinical response in patients with metastatic melanoma treated by CTL-associated antigen-4 blockade","volume":"13","author":"Downey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"R7-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2009.01414.x","article-title":"The MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) contributes to the Shiga toxin-induced inflammatory response","volume":"12","author":"Saenz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"R8-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00401-9","article-title":"A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis","volume":"15","author":"Graus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"R9-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e439","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000439","article-title":"Natalizumab may control immune checkpoint inhibitor\u2013induced limbic encephalitis","volume":"5","author":"Hottinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol-Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"R10-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3193","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.60.8448","article-title":"Immune-related adverse events, need for systemic immunosuppression, and effects on survival and time to treatment failure in patients with melanoma treated with ipilimumab at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center","volume":"33","author":"Horvat","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R11-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.66.1389","article-title":"Safety profile of nivolumab monotherapy: A pooled analysis of patients with advanced melanoma","volume":"35","author":"Weber","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R12-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.1399","article-title":"Association of autoimmune encephalitis with combined immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for metastatic cancer","volume":"73","author":"Williams","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"R13-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx252","article-title":"Rituximab for nivolumab plus ipilimumab-induced encephalitis in a small-cell lung cancer patient","volume":"28","author":"Ito","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"R14-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e439","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000439","article-title":"Natalizumab may control immune checkpoint inhibitor\u2013induced limbic encephalitis","volume":"5","author":"Hottinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol-Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"R15-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2019.15.2.259","article-title":"Immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-induced severe autoimmune encephalitis treated by steroid and intravenous immunoglobulin","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"R16-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00108","article-title":"Fatal necrotizing encephalopathy after treatment with nivolumab for squamous non-small cell lung cancer: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"9","author":"Leitinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"R17-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gore.2018.03.007","article-title":"A case of severe encephalitis while on PD-1 immunotherapy for recurrent clear cell ovarian cancer","volume":"24","author":"Burke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol Reports"},{"key":"R18-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocpiqo.2017.12.001","article-title":"Association of immune-mediated cerebellitis with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy","volume":"2","author":"Zurko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"R19-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-018-1786-9","article-title":"Nivolumab induced encephalopathy in a man with metastatic renal cell cancer: A case report","volume":"12","author":"Kopeck\u00dd","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"R20-20250925","first-page":"2548528","article-title":"Nivolumab-induced autoimmune encephalitis in two patients with lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"2018","author":"Shah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Case Rep Neurol Med"},{"key":"R21-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2016.12.016","article-title":"Autoimmune limbic encephalitis with anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 antibody secondary to pembrolizumab therapy","volume":"305","author":"Brown","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"R22-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1159\/000477162","article-title":"PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor associated autoimmune encephalitis","volume":"10","author":"Schneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Rep Oncol"},{"key":"R23-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002594","article-title":"CNS demyelination and enhanced myelin-reactive responses after ipilimumab treatment","volume":"86","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R24-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-15-0141","article-title":"Subacute CNS demyelination after treatment with nivolumab for melanoma","volume":"3","author":"Maurice","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"R25-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1283-9","article-title":"Steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis following ipilimumab therapy: A case report","volume":"8","author":"Carl","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"R26-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2014.06.023","article-title":"Lambrolizumab induced central nervous system (CNS) toxicity","volume":"344","author":"Mandel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"}],"container-title":["Neurology India"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0028-3886.310070","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:51:17Z","timestamp":1787838677000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0028-3886.310070"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0028-3886.310070","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3886","1998-4022"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3886","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-4022","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-02-02","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-02","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}