{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:37:19Z","timestamp":1787071039400,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Although genetic mutations are known in rare familial form, exact cause of neurodegeneration in sporadic AD is still unknown. While ApoE \u03b54 and IL-6 C-174G\/C patterns have been found to increase the risk of AD in Caucasians, the results are inconsistent in other ethnic groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ApoE and IL-6-174G\/C polymorphisms among patients of AD in the Eastern part of India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Consecutive patients of probable AD diagnosed as per National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria with age, gender, and education-matched healthy controls were recruited between December 2015 and September 2018. Patients were clinically evaluated and along with controls were genotyped for ApoE and IL-6-174G\/C polymorphisms by the polymerase chain reaction method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total 115 patients and 162 controls showed a similar pattern of ApoE and IL-6-174G\/C polymorphism pattern. While \u03b53\u03b53 and GG patterns were the commonest, followed by \u03b53\u03b54 and GC pattern in ApoE and IL-6 respectively, the effect of ApoE \u03b54 and IL-6-174 C allele on AD symptoms could not be established. However, patients with onset before 50 years were found to have significantly higher proportion of ApoE \u03b54 and C allele of IL-6-174 in comparison to patients with onset above 50. These young patients were also having more atypical presentation than their older counterpart.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study revealed a novel role of both ApoE \u03b54 and C allele of IL-6-174 together in developing early onset AD with more atypical clinical features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.329604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,7]],"date-time":"2024-09-07T15:09:11Z","timestamp":1725721751000},"page":"1228-1233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["ApoE \u03b54 and IL-6-174G\/C Polymorphism may Lead to Early Onset of Alzheimer's Disease with Atypical Presentation"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Sayantan","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogenetic Unit, Bangur Institute of Neuroscience, and Institute of Post Graduate Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, West Bengal, India"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neuroscience, and Institute of Post Graduate Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anindita","family":"Joardar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogenetic Unit, Bangur Institute of Neuroscience, and Institute of Post Graduate Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, West Bengal, India"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neuroscience, and Institute of Post Graduate Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarnava","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogenetic Unit, Bangur Institute of Neuroscience, and Institute of Post Graduate Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, West Bengal, India"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neuroscience, and Institute of Post Graduate Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gautam","family":"Gangopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neuroscience, and Institute of Post Graduate Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atanu","family":"Biswas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neuroscience, and Institute of Post Graduate Education and Research (IPGME&R), Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250925","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Alzheimer Report 2019 Attitudes to dementia"},{"key":"R2-20250925","first-page":"38","author":"Shaji","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Dementia India Report 2010 Prevalence, Impact, Costs and Services for Dementia"},{"key":"R3-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1159\/000109998","article-title":"Prevalence of dementia in the United States: The aging, demographics, and memory study","volume":"29","author":"Plassman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"R4-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00659","article-title":"Alzheimer disease pathogenesis: Insights from molecular and cellular biology studies of oligomeric abeta and tau species","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"R5-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.8.1467","article-title":"Association of apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 with late-onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease","volume":"43","author":"Saunders","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R6-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30053-X","article-title":"The effect of APOE and other common genetic variants on the onset of Alzheimer's disease and dementia: A community-based cohort study","volume":"17","author":"van der Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"R7-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.6.824","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and Alzheimer disease: The Indo-US Cross-National Dementia Study","volume":"57","author":"Ganguli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"R8-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1159\/000076345","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in Indian patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia","volume":"17","author":"Luthra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"R9-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812697106","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 is associated with disease-specific effects on brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia","volume":"106","author":"Agosta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R10-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.4.1256","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes, APOE gene, and the risk for dementia and related pathologies: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study","volume":"51","author":"Peila","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"R11-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2004.07.006","article-title":"Interleukin 6-174 G\/C promoter gene polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease: Geographic allele and genotype variations in Europe","volume":"39","author":"Capurso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"R12-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.266266","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms and risk of Alzheimer's disease: A possible biomoleular explanation","volume":"67","author":"Joob","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"R13-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(01)00294-9","article-title":"Genetics of interleukin 6: Implications for Alzheimer's disease","volume":"22","author":"Papassotiropoulos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"R14-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37858","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037858","article-title":"IL-6-174 G\/C and -572 C\/G Polymorphisms and risk of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"7","author":"Qi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R15-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460600594513","article-title":"APOE distribution in world populations with new data from India and the UK","volume":"33","author":"Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"key":"R16-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1159\/000321666","article-title":"IL-6-174 G\/C and ApoE gene polymorphisms in Alzheimer's and vascular dementia patients attending the cognitive disorder clinic of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi","volume":"30","author":"Mansoori","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"R17-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1159\/000322093","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and dementia: A hospital-based study from southern India","volume":"30","author":"Bharath","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"R18-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317514531443","article-title":"Association of apolipoprotein E genetic variation in Alzheimer's disease in India population: A meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Agarwal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen"},{"key":"R19-20250925","first-page":"37","article-title":"An urban community-based study of cognitive function among non-demented elderly population in India","volume":"11","author":"Das","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology Asia"},{"key":"R20-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2478\/plc-2013-0012","article-title":"Adaptation of the western aphasia battery in Bangla","volume":"17","author":"Keshree","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Lang Commun"},{"key":"R21-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.11.1621","article-title":"The FAB: A frontal assessment battery at bedside","volume":"55","author":"Dubois","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"R22-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.168636","article-title":"Study of visuospatial skill in patients with dementia","volume":"19","author":"Pal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"R23-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005","article-title":"The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease","volume":"7","author":"McKhann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"R24-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-8-9","article-title":"APOE epsilon 4 lowers age at onset and is a high risk factor for Alzheimer's disease; a case control study from central Norway","volume":"8","author":"Sando","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"R25-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00286-1","article-title":"APOE genotype in cerebrovascular disease and vascular dementia","volume":"203-204","author":"Frank","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R26-20250925","first-page":"110","article-title":"Codon 311 (Cys --> Ser) polymorphism of paraoxonase-2 gene is associated with apolipoprotein E4 allele in both Alzheimer's and vascular dementias","volume":"7","author":"Janka","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R27-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.10.073","article-title":"Association between apolipoprotein E polymorphism and Alzheimer disease in Tehran, Iran","volume":"375","author":"Raygani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R28-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.10417","article-title":"Effect of IL-6 polymorphism on risk of Alzheimer disease: Genotype-phenotype association study in Japanese cases","volume":"114","author":"Shibata","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"R29-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.075358","article-title":"Interaction between dopamine beta-hydroxylase and interleukin genes increases Alzheimer's disease risk","volume":"77","author":"Mateo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"R30-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200209160-00015","article-title":"The -174 G\/C polymorphism of the interleukin-6 gene promoter is associated with Alzheimer's disease in an Italian population [corrected]","volume":"13","author":"Pola","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"R31-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(03)00013-7","article-title":"Interleukin-6 gene alleles affect the risk of Alzheimer's disease and levels of the cytokine in blood and brain","volume":"24","author":"Licastro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"R32-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.168.6.745","article-title":"An epidemiological study of dementia in a rural community in Kerala, India","volume":"168","author":"Shaji","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R33-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(98)00136-0","article-title":"Serum interleukin-6 and interleukin-6 soluble receptor in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"244","author":"Angelis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R34-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1017\/S109285291600047X","article-title":"Approach to atypical Alzheimer's disease and case studies of the major subtypes","volume":"22","author":"Dickerson","year":"2017","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"}],"container-title":["Neurology India"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0028-3886.329604","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:40:38Z","timestamp":1787067638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0028-3886.329604"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0028-3886.329604","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3886","1998-4022"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3886","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-4022","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-17","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-25","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}