{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T17:27:28Z","timestamp":1786728448844,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is frequently disrupted in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and\/or neurosyphilis (NS). Clinical cases reflect a trend that non-neurosyphilis (non-NS) patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are likely to develop NS and\/or DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether IGT promotes BBB disruption in patients with non-NS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Material:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 21 subjects were enrolled, including six with IGT, nine with non-NS, and six with both IGT and non-NS. BBB permeability was evaluated by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and the secretion of biomarkers from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured by colorimetric method, immune turbidimetric method, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The non-NS patients with IGT have higher BBB permeability at cortex superior frontal gyrus, white matter, and thalamus than non-NS patients without IGT or IGT patients without non-NS. The CSF-serum albumin-quotient (Qalb) levels and CSF secretion are highest in non-NS patients with IGT, including matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant correlations between CSF biomarkers and BBB permeability were found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.344667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T04:05:56Z","timestamp":1692849956000},"page":"682-688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preliminary Study on the Effect of Impaired Glucose Tolerance on Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Non-Neurosyphilis Patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyu","family":"Che","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingwei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Weinan Central Hospital, Weinan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhui","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayin","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.12.032","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier breakdown in the aging human hippocampus","volume":"85","author":"Montagne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"R2-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1213-7","article-title":"Endothelial cell dysfunction and injury in subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"56","author":"Peeyush Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"R3-20260803","first-page":"265","article-title":"Cellular and vessel wall morphology of cerebral cortical arterioles after short-term diabetes in adult rats","volume":"22","author":"Moore","year":"1985","journal-title":"Blood Vessels"},{"key":"R4-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.251190","article-title":"Potential therapeutic molecular targets for blood-brain barrier disruption after subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"14","author":"Kanamaru","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"R5-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0124","article-title":"Therapy Insight: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease","volume":"2","author":"Haan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Neurol"},{"key":"R6-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afl180","article-title":"Cognitive impairment and MRI correlates in the elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"36","author":"van Harten","year":"2007","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"R7-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-007-0058-7","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia","volume":"7","author":"Whitmer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"R8-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.11.080","article-title":"Hyperglycaemia as a determinant of cognitive decline in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"585","author":"Wessels","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R9-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2600","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2158","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes and 10-year risk of dementia and cognitive impairment among older Mexican Americans","volume":"36","author":"Mayeda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R10-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141566","article-title":"Conversion of mild cognitive impairment to dementia among subjects with diabetes: A population-based study of incidence and risk factors with five years of follow-up","volume":"43","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"R11-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.2174\/138161208784705441","article-title":"Diabetes, cognitive function, and the blood-brain barrier","volume":"14","author":"Huber","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"R12-20260803","first-page":"125","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and blood-brain barrier dysfunction: An overview","volume":"2","author":"Prasad","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pharmacovigil"},{"key":"R13-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.07.055","article-title":"Spatial memory impairments in a prediabetic rat model","volume":"250","author":"Soares","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R14-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60283-9","article-title":"Prediabetes: A high-risk state for diabetes development","volume":"379","author":"Tabak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R15-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.12.7.464","article-title":"Impaired glucose tolerance in the U.S. population","volume":"12","author":"Harris","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R16-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00403292","article-title":"Height and glucose tolerance in adult subjects","volume":"34","author":"Brown","year":"1991","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"R17-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12119","article-title":"Association between neurosyphilis and diabetes mellitus: Resurgence of an old problem","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Diabetes"},{"key":"R18-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1159\/000493866","article-title":"Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics of general paresis and non-neurosyphilis dementia","volume":"80","author":"Tong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"R19-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1086\/381227","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in patients with syphilis: Association with clinical and laboratory features","volume":"189","author":"Marra","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"RR-11","key":"R20-20260803","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2006","volume":"55","author":"Workowski","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"R21-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000230481.28936.e5","article-title":"HIV and syphilis: When to perform a lumbar puncture","volume":"34","author":"Libois","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"R22-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10062","article-title":"Fast robust automated brain extraction","volume":"17","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"R23-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1132","article-title":"Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images","volume":"17","author":"Jenkinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"R24-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21328","article-title":"Dynamic contrast-enhanced quantitative perfusion measurement of the brain using T1-weighted MRI at 3T","volume":"27","author":"Larsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"R25-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22136","article-title":"Measurement of brain perfusion, blood volume, and blood-brain barrier permeability, using dynamic contrast-enhanced T (1)-weighted MRI at 3 tesla","volume":"62","author":"Larsson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"R26-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.12.001","article-title":"Abnormal blood-brain barrier permeability in normal appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis investigated by MRI","volume":"4","author":"Cramer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"R27-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv203","article-title":"Permeability of the blood-brain barrier predicts conversion from optic neuritis to multiple sclerosis","volume":"138","author":"Cramer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R28-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.611731","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier permeability abnormalities in vascular cognitive impairment","volume":"42","author":"Taheri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"R29-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000161","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000161","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging profile of blood-brain barrier injury in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage","volume":"2","author":"Aksoy","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"R30-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(01)00097-X","article-title":"Volumetric analysis of the pre-frontal regions: Findings in aging and schizophrenia","volume":"107","author":"Convit","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"R31-20260803","first-page":"997","article-title":"Patterns of effective connectivity during memory encoding and retrieval differ between patients with mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults","volume":"124","author":"Hampstead","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"R32-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.08.041","article-title":"Regional gray matter atrophy in vascular mild cognitive impairment","volume":"25","author":"Lei","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"R33-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00273","article-title":"Syllogisms delivered in an angry voice lead to improved performance and engagement of a different neural system compared to neutral voice","volume":"9","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"R34-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2013.96","article-title":"Response of the mu-opioid system to social rejection and acceptance","volume":"18","author":"Hsu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R35-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2013.12.003","article-title":"Characterization of the thalamic-subthalamic circuit involved in the placebo response through single-neuron recording in Parkinson patients","volume":"60","author":"Frisaldi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"R36-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2013.10.009","article-title":"Subcortical volume analysis in traumatic brain injury: The importance of the fronto-striato-thalamic circuit in task switching","volume":"51","author":"Leunissen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"R37-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-019-04031-x","article-title":"High HbA1c level is correlated with blood-brain barrier disruption in syphilis patients","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"R38-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.5.1589","article-title":"New insights on oxidative stress and diabetic complications may lead to a \u201ccausal\u201d antioxidant therapy","volume":"26","author":"Ceriello","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"R39-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.16.1978","article-title":"Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"291","author":"Meigs","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R40-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6890-9-7","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases in subjects with type 1 diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Gharagozlian","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R41-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.4.660","article-title":"Early activation of vascular endothelium in nonobese, nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients with multiple metabolic abnormalities","volume":"47","author":"Ferri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"R42-20260803","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2000.41.5.623","article-title":"Virulent Treponema pallidum 47 kDa antigen regulates the expression of cell adhesion molecules and binding of T-lymphocytes to cultured human dermal microvascular endothelial cells","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"}],"container-title":["Neurology India"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0028-3886.344667","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T16:27:10Z","timestamp":1786724830000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0028-3886.344667"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0028-3886.344667","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3886","1998-4022"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3886","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-4022","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-29","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-15","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}