{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:17:18Z","timestamp":1787840238451,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The orbital region is an anatomically complex area comprising crucial contiguous\/adjacent structures. Since the eye has a neuroectodermal basis of embryogenesis, many of the lesions may be similar to those arising in the central nervous system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To record and describe the clinicopathological spectrum of orbital lesions presenting to a neurology center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The retrospective study included biopsy\/resected specimens of patients with orbital\/ophthalmic lesions referred to the Department of Neuropathology, between February 2007 and February 2018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>: The demographic, clinical, and radiological details were retrieved from the departmental archives and the slides were reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 99 cases in the period of the study (2007\u20132018) with a peak in fourth and fifth decades (age range: 5 months to 68 years; mean: 37.2 years; M: F =1.06: 1). Eighty-six (86.8%) cases had epicenter in the orbit, whereas 13 (13.13%) cases were extraorbital with orbital extension. The benign neoplasms predominated (50\/99, 50.5%) followed by malignant neoplasms (24\/99, 24.24%), infective conditions (11\/99, 11.11%) and tumor like conditions (7\/99, 7.07%). The most common benign tumor was vascular tumor (17\/50, 34%) followed by meningioma (12\/50, 24%), while epithelial malignant tumor (6\/24, 25%) was the most common malignancy. Fungal infection was the most frequent infective condition (6\/11, 54.5%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The spectrum of ocular-orbital lesions varies with the geographic area and the nature of the institute catering to the needs of patients. The spectrum of lesions that we encountered from a neurological institute was vastly different from that reported from ophthalmic centers with very low frequency of retinoblastomas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.349632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T03:55:57Z","timestamp":1692849357000},"page":"1069-1076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gamut of Orbital Lesions in a Tertiary Neurocenter\u2014A Clinicopathological Study of Lesions Seen Over a Period of One Decade"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Anusha S","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bevinahalli N","family":"Nandeesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhika","family":"Mhatre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Mahadevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vani","family":"Santosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T Chickabasaviah","family":"Yasha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-37-20241013","first-page":"EC09","article-title":"Clinico-pathological spectrum of ophthalmic lesions: An experience in tertiary care hospital of Central India","volume":"11","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"R2-37-20241013","first-page":"133","article-title":"A histopathological study of ophthalmic lesions at a teaching hospital","volume":"2","author":"Chauhan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Natl J Med Res"},{"key":"R3-37-20241013","first-page":"1014","article-title":"Profile of pathology in patients with orbital diseases","volume":"2","author":"Shrestha","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R4-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.01.002","article-title":"Survey of 1264 patients with orbital tumours and simulating lesions","volume":"111","author":"Shields","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R5-37-20241013","first-page":"1881","article-title":"Approach to orbital disorders and frequency of disease occurrence","volume":"3","author":"Dallow","year":"1994"},{"key":"R7-37-20241013","first-page":"203","article-title":"Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of cutaneous eyelid lesions","volume":"10","author":"Kersten","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R8-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1076\/orbi.22.4.235.17248","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of benign eyelid skin lesions in the minor operation theatre","volume":"22","author":"Deokule","year":"2003","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R9-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00302-5","article-title":"Eyelid tumours: Accuracy of clinical diagnosis","volume":"128","author":"Margo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R10-37-20241013","first-page":"19","article-title":"Morphological spectrum of ophthalmic tumours in northern Pakistan","volume":"51","author":"Ud-Din","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"R11-37-20241013","first-page":"77","article-title":"Histopathological spectrum of ophthalmic lesions in Chhattisgarh: Study from a tertiary care centre","volume":"4","author":"Kujur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Adv Med"},{"key":"R12-37-20241013","first-page":"34","article-title":"Clinical, morphological and epidemiological data on eye tumours","volume":"8","author":"Kapurdov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trakia J Sci"},{"key":"R13-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-8632.128417","article-title":"Spectrum of histopathological study of ocular lesions: One year study","volume":"3","author":"Srikanth","year":"2014","journal-title":"J NTR Univ Health Sci"},{"key":"R14-37-20241013","first-page":"1355","article-title":"Spectrum of ocular lesions in a tertiary care centre: A five year retrospective study","volume":"4","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"R15-37-20241013","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pattern of ocular malignant tumours in Bhairahwa, Nepal","volume":"7","author":"Kumar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R16-37-20241013","first-page":"327","article-title":"Malignant tumours of the eye and adnexa in Congo-Kinshasa","volume":"23","author":"Poso","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Fr Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R17-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.167823","article-title":"Myths in the diagnosis and management of orbital tumors","volume":"22","author":"G\u00fcnd\u00fcz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R19-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830.2018.1505919","article-title":"Recurrent benign ossifying fibroma of the orbit-clinical, radiological profile and management options in a child","volume":"38","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R20-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.4103\/sni.sni_467_17","article-title":"Left orbital roof giant cell tumor of bone: A case report","volume":"9","author":"Yip","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"R21-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.11.PEDS16509","article-title":"Giant melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (melanotic progonoma) of the head and neck: Report of a malignant case","volume":"19","author":"Nicosia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"R22-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0000000000001402","article-title":"Multimodal management of congenital orbital malignant rhabdoid tumor: Review of literature and report of a rare case","volume":"42","author":"Biswas","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"R23-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.55067","article-title":"Multimodality treatment approach in management of primary peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the orbit","volume":"57","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R24-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2017.00316","article-title":"Primary orbital melanoma: Presentation, treatment, and long-term outcomes for 13 patients","volume":"7","author":"Rose","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"R25-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-11-73","article-title":"Orbital lymphoma: Diagnostic approach and treatment outcome","volume":"11","author":"Eckardt","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"R26-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292147","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/292147","article-title":"Primary orbital mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"2012","author":"Herrera","year":"2012","journal-title":"Case Rep Med"},{"key":"R27-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830.2018.1490437","article-title":"Five cases of orbital extramedullary plasmacytoma: Diagnosis and management of an aggressive malignancy","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R28-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4103\/tjo.tjo_12_17","article-title":"Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Taiwan J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R29-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e248","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0000000000000526","article-title":"Management strategies in Rosai-Dorfman disease: To do or not to do","volume":"38","author":"Shrirao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"R30-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.OJO_226_2016","article-title":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the orbit: A study of eight cases","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oman J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R31-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830802225152","article-title":"Orbital tuberculosis: A review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Madge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R32-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.185588","article-title":"Fungal infections of the orbit","volume":"64","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R33-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.4103\/2231-0746.101365","article-title":"Orbital hydatid cyst","volume":"2","author":"Al-Muala","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R34-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.4103\/ams.ams_176_18","article-title":"Cervicofacial actinomycosis and its management","volume":"8","author":"Moturi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R35-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24289","article-title":"Outcome of patients with localized orbital sarcoma who relapsed following treatment on Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group (IRSG) Protocols-III and -IV, 1984-1997: A report from the Children's Oncology Group","volume":"60","author":"Raney","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"R36-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2018.0088","article-title":"Orbital malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor arising from Neurofibroma","volume":"33","author":"Wy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R37-37-20241013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.5858\/133.12.1994","article-title":"Adult orbital xanthogranulomatous disease: Review of the literature","volume":"133","author":"Guo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"}],"container-title":["Neurology India"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0028-3886.349632","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:18:03Z","timestamp":1787836683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/0028-3886.349632"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0028-3886.349632","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3886"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3886","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}}}