{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:30:08Z","timestamp":1787758208201,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may affect any part of the neuraxis and may affect skeletal muscle in many ways, ranging from myofiber atrophy in the wasting syndrome to inflammatory muscle disease and a host of opportunistic infections involving muscle. We report here a case series of 4 zidovudine-na\u03bfve patients with proven HIV infection with myopathy. One was a case of HIV wasting syndrome, and the three others were diagnosed as HIV polymyositis. Muscle biopsy proved invaluable in the characterization of these cases<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.73753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,25]],"date-time":"2010-12-25T07:48:12Z","timestamp":1293263292000},"page":"939-941","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Skeletal muscle involvement in human immunodeficiency virus infection: A report of four cases"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Shashikala A.","family":"Sangle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Pune, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhijit","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Pune, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shripad D.","family":"Ratnalikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Pune, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul V.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical College, Pune, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20338","article-title":"Skeletal muscle involvement in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)","volume":"32","author":"Authier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"R2-20260605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03380170097026","article-title":"Polymyositis in patients with AIDS retrovirus","volume":"256","author":"Dalakas","year":"1986","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R3-20260605","first-page":"651","article-title":"Polymyositis associated with HIV infection during immune restoration induced by highly active anti-retroviral therapy","volume":"22","author":"Calza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"R4-20260605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199111213252107","article-title":"Polymyositis, dermatomyositis and inclusion-body myositis","volume":"325","author":"Dalakas","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-20260605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198712173172511","article-title":"Progressive nemaline (rod) myopathy associated with HIV infection","volume":"317","author":"Dalakas","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R6-20260605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92061-8","article-title":"Acute rhabdomyolysis coincident with primary HIV-1 infection","volume":"2","author":"Mah\u03b9","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R7-20260605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.4.1357","article-title":"The effect of zidovudine on skeletal muscle mtDNA in HIV-1 infected patients with mild or no muscle dysfunction","volume":"119","author":"Casademont","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R8-20260605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880160411","article-title":"Search for HIV proviral DNA and amplified sequences in the muscle biopsies of patients with HIV polymyositis","volume":"16","author":"Leon-Monzon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"R9-20260605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11002","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus associated polymyositis: a longitudinal study of outcome","volume":"49","author":"Johnson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["Neurology India"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/02223311-201058060-00021","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:09:40Z","timestamp":1787756980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/02223311-201058060-00021"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0028-3886.73753","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-3886","1998-4022"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-3886","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-4022","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-08-27","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}