{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T20:41:35Z","timestamp":1786653695105,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"\n Aim:<\/jats:title>\n To determine profiles of non-chlamydia conjunctival bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility from adults who underwent trachomatous trichiasis surgery in rural areas of Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A cross-sectional study was conducted in rural districts in West Gojjam administrative zone. Conjunctival swabs were collected during surgery and transported using Stuart transport broth (Oxoid, UK). Antibiotic susceptibility of conjunctival isolates was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Non-chlamydia pathogenic bacteria were recovered from conjunctiva of 438 (31%) participants before treatment. The isolated conjunctival bacteria were\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n , coagulase-negative\n Staphylococci, Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n group (A, C, F and G),\n Enterococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella<\/jats:italic>\n spp.,\n Escherichia coli, Citrobacter<\/jats:italic>\n spp.,\n Proteus<\/jats:italic>\n spp.,\n Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n spp.,\n Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n spp. and\n Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n spp. Overall, resistance rates of 57.8% to azithromycin and 68.5% to chloramphenicol were found. However, 86-94.4% sensitivity was demonstrated to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. Moderate sensitivity rates (61.8-78.4%) were observed to ceftriaxone, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n \n Fluoroquinolones that have activity against the majority of bacterial isolates were potent at\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n . However, unacceptably high levels of resistance to azithromycin and chloramphenicol in rural community indicated a need for further study and antimicrobial resistance surveillance.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.99974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,11]],"date-time":"2014-03-11T05:21:17Z","timestamp":1394515277000},"page":"236-239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Azithromycin, fluoroquinolone and chloramphenicol resistance of non-chlamydia conjunctival bacteria in rural community of Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Bayeh","family":"Abera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mulugeta","family":"Kibret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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