{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T07:30:27Z","timestamp":1793086227697,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In developing countries like India, the diagnosis of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pneumocystis jirovecii<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection is often made either by conventional staining or clinically. This study was planned to know the utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in diagnosing\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pneumocystis jirovecii<\/jats:italic>\n                      pneumonia (PJP) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, to compare the PCR results with that of staining techniques and also to correlate the results with clinical condition of patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A prospective study included 50 HIV-infected adult in-patients with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection. Induced sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage or tracheal aspirate were proceeded for both staining and PCR for mitochondrial large subunit rRNA gene of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. jirovecii<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In our study PCR results correlated with staining findings in 14% (7\/50) of cases. Another 20% (10\/50) cases could be diagnosed only with PCR, where staining was negative for the presence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. jirovecii.<\/jats:italic>\n                      When compared with clinical evidence of disease, PCR showed 93.7% sensitivity and 94.1% specificity. Presence of dyspnea and CD\n                      <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                      count showed statistical significance (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05) in PCP-diagnosed patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCR can be used for early and accurate diagnosis of PCP in HIV-infected patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.81624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,28]],"date-time":"2011-05-28T10:08:01Z","timestamp":1306577281000},"page":"326-329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Role of PCR for diagnosing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-infected individuals in a tertiary care hospital in India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Kiran","family":"Chawla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suganthi","family":"Martena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bimala","family":"Gurung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiranjay","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George 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