{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T02:56:09Z","timestamp":1793501769933,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a type of pulmonary manifestation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Mostly RA-ILD has no symptoms and is only diagnosed by clinical examination, pulmonary function test (PFT), and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT); hence it seems that the diagnosis of pulmonary involvement in early stages of RA is of great importance. Therefore, we decided to answer this question whether the evaluation of RA patients without pulmonary symptoms using methods such as PFT and HRCT are justifiable and reasonable or not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional study in a referral rheumatology clinic in Razi hospital of Rasht, Iran. Forty-four consecutive patients, diagnosed with RA, were enrolled. Physical examination of the joints was performed by an rheumatologist. The activity of RA was evaluated in all patients by Disease Activity Score 28. An expert pulmonologist performed the respiratory examination in all participants. Then, all subjects were referred for chest X-ray, PFT, and HRCT of lungs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients included in this study, 9 (20.45%) males and 35 (79.55%) females, were 21\u201373 years old and their mean age was 49 \u00b1 13 years. Significant relation between PFT and respiratory complaints was observed (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.016). PFT had significant relation with respiratory examinations (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009). Our results indicated a significant relation between disease activity rate and PFT (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.038). While HRCT had any significant relation with above items.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We concluded, using PFT in the respiratory assessment of RA patients can be limited to persons with high disease activity, respiratory complaints, and positive findings in the clinical respiratory examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.173062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,4]],"date-time":"2016-01-04T05:45:14Z","timestamp":1451886314000},"page":"49-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Pulmonary involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study in Iran"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Habib","family":"Zayeni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asghar","family":"Haji-Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Ali Alavi","family":"Foumani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Tohidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irandokht Shenavar","family":"Masooleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banafsheh Ghavidel","family":"Parsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Aghaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Hassankhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pooneh Ghavidel","family":"Parsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza Amir","family":"Maafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R5-20251007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq035","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease has a poor prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis: Results from an inception cohort","volume":"49","author":"Koduri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatology 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