{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T19:09:44Z","timestamp":1770836984817,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"Suppl 1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n                                 <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Albizia lebbeck<\/jats:italic> Benth. (Leguminosae) has long been used in Indian traditional medicine. The current study was designed to test antimalarial activity of ethanolic bark extract of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. lebbeck<\/jats:italic> (EBEAL).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>EBEAL was prepared by soxhlet extraction and subjected to phytochemical analysis. The extract was evaluated for its <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic> antimalarial activity against <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> chloroquine (CQ) sensitive (MRC2) and CQ resistant (RKL9) strains. Cytotoxicity (CC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) of extract against <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">HeLa<\/jats:italic> cells was evaluated. Median lethal dose (LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) was determined to assess safety of EBEAL in BALB\/c mice. Schizonticidal (100-1000 mg\/kg) and preventive (100-750 mg\/kg) activities of EBEAL were evaluated against <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. berghei<\/jats:italic>. Curative activity (100-750 mg\/kg) of extract was also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Phytochemical screening revealed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, terpenes and phytosterols. The extract exhibited IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 8.2 \u03bcg\/ml (MRC2) and 5.1 \u03bcg\/ml (RKL9). CC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of extract on <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">HeLa<\/jats:italic> cell line was calculated to be &gt;1000 \u03bcg\/ml. EBEAL showed selectivity indices (SI) of &gt;121.9 and &gt;196.07 against MRC2 and RKL9 strains of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>, respectively. LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of EBEAL was observed to be &gt;5 g\/kg. Dose-dependent chemosuppression was observed with significant (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001) schizonticidal activity at 1000 mg\/kg with ED<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> &gt;100 mg\/kg. Significant (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001) curative and repository activities were exhibited by 750 mg\/kg concentration of extract on D7.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The present investigation reports antiplasmodial efficacy of EBEAL <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic> against <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> as evident by high SI values. ED<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of &lt;100 mg\/kg against <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. berghei<\/jats:italic> categorizes EBEAL as active antimalarial. Further studies need to be done to exploit its antiplasmodial activity further.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.176635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]],"date-time":"2016-02-16T10:34:04Z","timestamp":1455618844000},"page":"S101-S107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Antimalarial efficacy of Albizia lebbeck (Leguminosae) against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro &amp; P. berghei in vivo"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Shagun","family":"Kalia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neha Sylvia","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Upma","family":"Bagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20241212","first-page":"1598","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum malaria and antimalarial interventions in sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"4","author":"Enato","year":"2005","journal-title":"Afr J Biotechnol"},{"key":"R2-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-S1-S3","article-title":"Natural products as starting points for future anti-malarial therapies: going back to our roots?","volume":"10","author":"Wells","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"R3-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2011.07.014","article-title":"Plant-made therapeutics: an emerging platform in South Africa","volume":"30","author":"Rybicki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotechnol Adv"},{"key":"R6-15-20241212","first-page":"63","article-title":"Review on Albizia lebbeck: A potent herbal drug","volume":"3","author":"Faisal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Res J Pharm"},{"key":"R7-15-20241212","first-page":"4087","article-title":"Nematicidal potential of selected flora of Pakistan","volume":"6","author":"Zia-Ul-Haq","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Plants Res"},{"key":"R8-15-20241212","first-page":"461","article-title":"The gravimetric determination of milk fat","volume":"232","author":"Soxhlet","year":"1879","journal-title":"Polytech J"},{"key":"R10-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(83)90303-4","article-title":"Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays","volume":"65","author":"Mosmann","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"R11-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1126\/science.781840","article-title":"Human malaria parasites in continuous cultures","volume":"193","author":"Trager","year":"1976","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R13-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-4-506","article-title":"In vitro antiplasmodial activity of crude extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera and Copaifera religiosa","volume":"4","author":"Lekana-Douki","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"R14-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01234480","article-title":"A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing","volume":"54","author":"Lorke","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"R15-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1980.11687360","article-title":"The antimalarial action of Nbenzyloxydihydrotriazines. 1. 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