{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:34:08Z","timestamp":1787841248375,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy for reducing the acute pain of sternotomy in patients who underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study was conducted with ninety volunteers who electively submitted to CABG. The volunteers were randomly allocated into three groups of equal size (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 30): control, placebo, and laser (\u03bb of 660 nm and spatial average energy fluency of 1.06 J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Pain when coughing was assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire, according to sensory, affective, evaluative, and miscellaneous domains. The patients were followed for 1 month after the surgery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The laser group had a greater decrease in pain with analogous results, as indicated by both the VAS and the McGill questionnaire (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2264 0.05) on sensory and affective scores, on days 6 and 8 postsurgery compared to the placebo and control groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Laser seems to be effective promoting pain reduction after coronary-arterial bypass grafting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-9784.197836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]],"date-time":"2017-01-10T22:47:13Z","timestamp":1484088433000},"page":"52-56","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Low-intensity Laser (660 NM) has Analgesic Effects on Sternotomy of Patients Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Gilderlene Alves","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Para\u00edba, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Uninovafapi Universitary Center (UNINOVAFAPI), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimundo de Barros","family":"Ara\u00fajo J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Santa Maria Hospital, Bairro Centro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9a Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Gomes","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Para\u00edba, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Piau\u00ed State, PI, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel Clarisse Albuquerque","family":"Gonzaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Para\u00edba, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Uninovafapi Universitary Center (UNINOVAFAPI), Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rauirys Alencar","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uninovafapi Universitary Center (UNINOVAFAPI), Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Piau\u00ed State, PI, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata Amadei","family":"Nicolau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Lasertherapy and Photobiology Center, Research and Development Institute, IP&D, Universidade do Vale do Para\u00edba, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2013.10.003","article-title":"The epidemiology of coronary heart disease","volume":"67","author":"Ferreira-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"R2-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1590\/S0066-782X2012005000061","article-title":"Mortality due to cardiovascular diseases in Brazil and in the metropolitan region of S\u00e3o Paulo: A 2011 update","volume":"99","author":"Mansur Ade","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"R3-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1012848","article-title":"Lifetime risks of cardiovascular disease","volume":"366","author":"Berry","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R4-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.03.023","article-title":"Trends in predicted 10-year risk of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease among U.S. adults from 1999 to 2010","volume":"61","author":"Ford","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R5-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjan.2014.09.003","article-title":"Pain after sternotomy \u2013 Review","volume":"66","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Bras Anestesiol"},{"key":"R6-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2008.2430","article-title":"Does low-level laser therapy have an antianesthetic effect? 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