{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:42:20Z","timestamp":1786650140997,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Restless legs syndrome also known as Willis-Ekbom's Disease (RLS\/WED) is a common illness. Cambridge-Hopkins diagnostic questionnaire for RLS (CHRLSq) is a good diagnostic tool and can be used in the epidemiological studies. However, its Hindi version is not available. Thus, this study was conducted to translate and validate it in the Hindi speaking population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After obtaining the permission from the author of the CHRLSq, it was translated into Hindi language by two independent translators. After a series of forward and back translations, the finalized Hindi version was administered to two groups by one of the authors, who were blinded to the clinical diagnosis. First group consisted of RLS\/WED patients, where diagnosis was made upon face to face interview and the other group \u2014 the control group included subjects with somatic symptoms disorders or exertional myalgia or chronic insomnia. Each group had 30 subjects. Diagnosis made on CHRLSq was compared with the clinical diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Statistical Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v 21.0. Descriptive statistics was calculated. Proportions were compared using chi-square test; whereas, categorical variables were compared using independent sample\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of the translated version of questionnaire were calculated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Average age was comparable between the cases and control group (RLS\/WED = 39.1 \u00b1 10.1 years vs 36.2 \u00b1 11.4 years in controls;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.29). Women outnumbered men in the RLS\/WED group (87% in RLS\/WED group vs 57% among controls; \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 6.64;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01). Both the sensitivity and specificity of the translated version was 83.3%. It had the positive predictive value of 86.6%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hindi version of CHRLSq has positive predictive value of 87% and it can be used to diagnose RLS in Hindi speaking population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.162290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,5]],"date-time":"2015-08-05T08:59:42Z","timestamp":1438765182000},"page":"303-308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Hindi translation and validation of Cambridge-Hopkins Diagnostic Questionnaire for RLS (CHRLSq)"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ravi","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Allan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwini","family":"Pundeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sourav","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohan","family":"Dhyani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.11.004","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in an Indian urban population","volume":"9","author":"Rangarajan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"R2-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2008.11.012","article-title":"Prevalence of restless legs syndrome: A community-based study from Argentina","volume":"15","author":"Persi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"R3-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00443-9","article-title":"Prevalence of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder in the general population","volume":"53","author":"Ohayon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"R4-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.59467","article-title":"The prevalence and clinical features of restless legs syndrome: A door to door population study in Orhangazi, Bursa in Turkey","volume":"57","author":"Erer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"R5-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2013.05.016","article-title":"The long-term treatment of restless legs syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom disease: Evidence-based guidelines and clinical consensus best practice guidance: A report from the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group","volume":"14","author":"Garcia-Borreguero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"R6-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.06.016","article-title":"Medical Advisory Board of the Willis-Ekbom Disease Foundation. Willis-Ekbom Disease Foundation revised consensus statement on the management of restless legs syndrome","volume":"88","author":"Silber","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"R7-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.03.018","article-title":"Restless Legs Syndrome: A common disorder, but rarely diagnosed and barely treated \u2014 An Indian experience","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"R8-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.03.007","article-title":"Physician-diagnosed restless legs syndrome in a large sample of primary medical care patients in western Europe: Prevalence and characteristics","volume":"11","author":"Allen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"R9-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.09.015","article-title":"The four diagnostic criteria for Restless Legs Syndrome are unable to exclude confounding conditions (\u201cmimics\u201d)","volume":"10","author":"Hening","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"R10-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.10.007","article-title":"Validation of the self-completed Cambridge-Hopkins questionnaire (CH-RLSq) for ascertainment of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in a population survey","volume":"10","author":"Allen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"R11-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.91939","article-title":"Translation and validation of International Restless Leg Syndrome Study Group rating scale in Hindi language","volume":"14","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"key":"R12-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.103188","article-title":"Translation and validation of restless leg syndrome quality of life questionnaire in Hindi language","volume":"60","author":"Vishwakarma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"R13-8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(02)00258-7","article-title":"International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group. 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