{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:40:36Z","timestamp":1792629636491,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/0972-5229.45074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,23]],"date-time":"2009-02-23T06:35:27Z","timestamp":1235370927000},"page":"153-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Safety and efficacy of polymyxin B in multidrug resistant gram-negative severe sepsis and septic shock"],"prefix":"10.5005","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ayanava","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Purnendu Sekhar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2914","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fridkin SK, Gaynes RP. Antimicrobial resistance in intensive care units. Clin Chest Med 1999;20:303-16.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(05)70143-X"},{"key":"ref=2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fridkin S. Increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in intensive care units. Crit Care Med 2001;29:N64-8.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200104001-00002"},{"key":"ref=3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Quinn JP. Clinical problems posed by multiresistant nonfermenting gram-negative pathogens. Clin Infect Dis 1998;27:S117-24.","DOI":"10.1086\/514912"},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGowan JE Jr. Economic impact of antimicrobial resistance. Emerg Infect Dis 2001;7:286-92.","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0702.010228"},{"key":"ref=5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silveira F, Fujitani S, Paterson DL. Antibiotic-resistant infections in the critically ill adult. Clin Lab Med 2004;24:329-41.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2004.03.002"},{"key":"ref=6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evans ME, Feola DJ, Rapp RP. Polymyxin B Sulfate and Colistin: Old antibiotics for emerging multiresistant gram-negative bacteria. Ann Pharmacother 1999;33:960-7.","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.18426"},{"key":"ref=7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hermsen ED, Sullivan CJ, Rotschafer JC. Polymyxins: Pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical applications. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2003;17:545-62.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(03)00058-8"},{"key":"ref=8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Price DJ, Graham DI. Effects of large doses of colistin sulfomethate on renal function. Br Med J 1970;4:525-7.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5734.525"},{"key":"ref=9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolinsky E, Hines JD. Neurotoxic effects of colistin in patients with renal disease. N Engl J Med 1963;266:759-62.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196204122661505"},{"key":"ref=10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dellinger RP, Carlet JM, Masur H, Gerlach H, Calandra T, Cohen J, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 2004;32:858-73.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000117317.18092.E4"},{"key":"ref=11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levin AS, Barone AA, Pence J, Santos MV, Marianho IS, Arruda EA, et al. Intravenous colistin as therapy for nosocmial infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii. Clin Infect Dis 1999;28:1008-11.","DOI":"10.1086\/514732"},{"key":"ref=12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beringer P. The clinical use of colistin in patients with cystic fibrosis. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2001;7:434-40.","DOI":"10.1097\/00063198-200111000-00013"},{"key":"ref=13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Falagas ME, Kasiakou SK, Tsiodras S, Michalopoulos A. The use of intravenous and aerosolized polymyxins for the treatment of infections in critically ill patients: A review of recent literature. Clin Med Res 2006;4:138-46.","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.4.2.138"},{"key":"ref=14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Falagas ME, Kasiakou SK. Colistin: The revival of polymyxins for the management of multiresistant gram-negative bacterial infections. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:1333.","DOI":"10.1086\/429323"},{"key":"ref=15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garnacho-Montero J, Ortiz-Leyba C, Jimenez-Jimenez FJ, Barrero-Almodovar AE, Garcia-Garmendia JL, Bernabeu-Wittel IM, et al. Treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) with intravenous colistin: A comparison with imipenem susceptible VAP. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:1111-8.","DOI":"10.1086\/374337"},{"key":"ref=16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamer DH. Treatment of nososcomial pneumonia and tracheobronchitis caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with aerosolized colistin. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162:328-30.","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.1.9910071"},{"key":"ref=17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Linden PK, Kusne S, Coley K, Fontes P, Kramer DJ, Paterson D. Use of parenteral colistin for the treatment of serious infection due to antimicrobial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:e154-60.","DOI":"10.1086\/379611"},{"key":"ref=18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michalopoulos AS, Tsiodras S, Rellos K, Mentzelopoulos S, Falagas ME. Colistin treatment in patients with ICU-acquired infections caused by multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria: The renaissance of an old antibiotic. Clin Microbiol Infect 2005;11:115-21.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.01043.x"},{"key":"ref=19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ouderkirk JP, Nord JA, Turett GS, Kislak JW. Polymyxin B nephrotoxicity and efficacy against nosocomial infections caused by multiresistant gram-negative bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:2659-62.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.8.2659-2662.2003"},{"key":"ref=20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sobieszczyk ME, Furuya EY, Hay CM, Pancholi P, Della-Latta P, Hammer SM, et al. Combination therapy with polymyxin B for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative respiratory tract infections. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004;54:566-9.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh369"},{"key":"ref=21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spellberg B, Powers JH, Brass EP, Miller LG, Edwards JE Jr. Trends in antimicrobial drug development implications for the future. Clin Infect Dis 2004;38:1279-86.","DOI":"10.1086\/420937"},{"key":"ref=22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koch-Weser J, Sidel VW, Federman EB, Kanarek P, Finer DC, Eaten AE. Adverse effects of sodium colistimethate-manifestations and specific reaction rates during 317 courses of therapy. Ann Intern Med 1970;72: 857-68.","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-72-6-857"},{"key":"ref=23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Falagas ME, Kasiakou SK. Toxicity of polymyxins: A systematic review of evidence from old and recent studies. Crit Care 2006;10:R27.","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3995"},{"key":"ref=24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horton J, Pankey MD. Polymyxin B, colistin and sodium colistimethate. Med Clin N Am 1982;66:135-42.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)31447-X"},{"key":"ref=25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nord NM, Hoeprich PD. Polymyxin B and colistin. N Engl J Med 1964;270:1030-5.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196405142702002"},{"key":"ref=26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B, et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1368-77.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010307"},{"key":"ref=27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen HB. Implementation of a bundle of quality indicators for the early management of severe sepsis and septic shock is associated with decreased mortality. Crit Care Med 2007;35:1105-12.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000259463.33848.3D"},{"key":"ref=28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schrier RW, Wang W. Acute renal failure and sepsis. N Engl J Med 2004;351:159-69.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra032401"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijccm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.4103\/0972-5229.45074","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T22:28:28Z","timestamp":1622154508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijccm.org\/doi\/10.4103\/0972-5229.45074"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"alternative-id":["10.4103\/0972-5229.45074"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0972-5229.45074","relation":{},"ISSN":["0972-5229","1998-359X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0972-5229","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-359X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}}}