{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:19:53Z","timestamp":1787761193067,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background&amp;objectives:<\/jats:italic>\n                      Changes in parasite biology, particularly the gametocytogenesis process, could be one of the important contributing factors for worldwide malaria resurgence. The present study investigated the prevalence rates of pretreatment gametocyte carriage and density in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections in the low malaria-endemic area on the Thai-Myanmar border.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                      One hundred and twenty-six blood samples were collected from patients with signs and symptoms of malaria who attended malaria clinics. Malaria positive cases detected by microscopic examination were confirmed by species-specific nested-PCR in 97 (29 and 68 samples for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      , respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                      The proportion of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum-infected<\/jats:italic>\n                      samples was 70.1: 29.9%. The density in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive samples [median (95%CI): 10,340 (5280-19,200) \u03bc\/l] was significantly higher than\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive samples [4508 (3240-6120) \u03bc\/l]. Sixteen out of twenty-nine (55.2%) and 36 out of 68 (52.9%)\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum-<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. vivax-<\/jats:italic>\n                      infected samples, respectively, were gametocyte-positive. Gametocyte density in the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum-infected[124<\/jats:italic>\n                      (69-253) \/\u03bcl] was significantly higher than that of the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      . vivax-infected [54 (45-70)\/\u03bcl] samples. A significant correlation between gametocyte density and pretreatment parasitemia was only detected in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      -infected, but not\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      -infected samples.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Interpretation &amp; conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                      The observed high prevalence rates of pretreatment gametocyte carriage of both malaria species, which serves as a large malaria reservoir, particularly in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, could have a significant impact on malaria control in the endemic populations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.316274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T01:17:15Z","timestamp":1671585435000},"page":"257-264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pretreatment gametocyte carriage in symptomatic patients with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections on the Thai-Myanmar 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