{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:31:46Z","timestamp":1787758306639,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background &amp; objectives<\/jats:italic>\n                      : Scrub typhus or chigger borne typhus, caused by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Orientia tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n                      is an emerging vector-borne disease as large numbers of cases have been reported in various tropical countries. It is transmitted to humans through bites of infected chiggers (larval mites). The knowledge about the vector, its distribution, density and habitat are important so as to understand the epidemiology of scrub typhus in a given area. To control rickettsial infections, regular rodent-vector surveillance should be planned in areas where the disease transmission is occurring and it will also help to strengthen the existing entomological data related to the vector of scrub typhus in northern India.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                      : In the present study, rodent-vector surveillance was planned for one whole year, covering both mite active and non-active seasons (October 2019-December 2020) in selected areas of Chandigarh and Punjab in north India. Rodent tissues and mites were also examined for the presence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n                      by nested PCR for 56 kDa gene and real-time PCR for 47 kDa outer membrane protein gene. 18S gene PCR was performed for molecular identification of mites.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results<\/jats:italic>\n                      : In the surveillance, three types of ectoparasite,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">viz.<\/jats:italic>\n                      mites, fleas and ticks were obtained in rodents. All mites found were of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Laelapidae<\/jats:italic>\n                      family. None of the pooled rodent tissue samples as well as mite samples were found positive for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n                      by nested PCR for rickettsial DNA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Interpretation &amp; conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                      : In the present study, we did not get any evidence of carriage of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n                      in either mites or rodents collected and sampled in selected regions in Chandigarh and Punjab. We need to strengthen the entomological surveillance over a broader region and increase the frequency of trapping rodents to increase clarity on vector-reservoir dynamics in this geographical region.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.355958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T08:29:55Z","timestamp":1662971395000},"page":"348-355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Vector and rodent surveillance for Orientia tsutsugamushi in north India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Taruna","family":"Kaura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasleen","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamlesh","family":"Bisht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shriya","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PVM","family":"Lakshmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gagandeep Singh","family":"Grover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Mewara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manisha","family":"Biswal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S203","DOI":"10.1086\/596576","article-title":"Scrub typhus: the geographic distribution of phenotypic and genotypic variants of Orientia tsutsugamushi","volume":"48","author":"Kelly","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R3-6-20240830","first-page":"1020","article-title":"Scrub typhus in patients reporting with acute febrile illness at a tertiary health care institution in Goa","volume":"136","author":"Narvencar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R4-6-20240830","first-page":"69","article-title":"Scrub typhus: A prospective, observational study during an outbreak in Rajasthan, India","volume":"30","author":"Takhar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"R6-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1177\/0049475514523761","article-title":"Outbreak of scrub typhus in North India: a re-emerging epidemic","volume":"44","author":"Sethi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"key":"R7-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0086","article-title":"Scrub Typhus in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India","volume":"95","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"R8-6-20240830","first-page":"419","article-title":"Current epidemic status and issues on prevention and control of scrub typhus","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi"},{"key":"R9-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005447","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005447","article-title":"Climate variability, animal reservoir and transmission of scrub typhus in Southern China","volume":"11","author":"Wei","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"R10-6-20240830","first-page":"277","article-title":"Outbreak investigation of Scrub typhus in Himachal Pradesh (India)","volume":"36","author":"Kumar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Com Dis"},{"key":"R11-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1390_15","article-title":"Abundance & distribution of trombiculid mites & Orientia tsutsugamushi, the vectors & pathogen of scrub typhus in rodents & shrews collected from Puducherry & Tamil Nadu, India","volume":"144","author":"Candasamy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R12-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2017.2246","article-title":"Occurrence of Orientia tsutsugamushi, the Etiological Agent of Scrub Typhus in Animal Hosts and Mite Vectors in Areas Reporting Human Cases of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in the Gorakhpur Region of Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"15","author":"Sadanandane","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"R13-6-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4103\/ijph.IJPH_130_19","article-title":"Evidence of natural infection of Orientia tsutsugamushi in vectors and animal hosts - 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