{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T01:46:44Z","timestamp":1789868804856,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary prostatic lymphomas are extremely unusual neoplasms. Their rarity and nonspecific symptomatology at presentation usually prompt a clinical diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia or chronic prostatitis, leading to significant delay in diagnosis. Clinical examination, serum prostate-specific antigen levels, and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) are not of much utility in differential diagnosis, and histological examination is the gold standard. We report two cases of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of prostate, diffuse large B-cell type, diagnosed on TRUS-guided prostatic biopsies. Correct diagnosis is of crucial importance as the therapeutic strategy for lymphoma is radically different from that for carcinoma, and early detection of prostatic lymphoma can be potentially curative. Thus, knowledge of this rare entity, inclusion in differential diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction, and application of an appropriate immunohistochemical panel are essential so as not to miss this unusual diagnosis and to avoid unnecessary surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1482.176122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,19]],"date-time":"2016-02-19T01:07:21Z","timestamp":1455844041000},"page":"977-979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the prostate: A report of two cases with diagnostic considerations"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Aanchal","family":"Kakkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhu","family":"Rajeshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sainath","family":"Bhethanabhotla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavneet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepali","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Gogia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruma","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amlesh","family":"Seth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)67330-0","article-title":"Primary lymphoma of the prostate: Good outcome with doxorubicin-based combination chemotherapy","volume":"153","author":"Sarris","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R3-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382006000100010","article-title":"Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the prostate in a young patient","volume":"32","author":"Alvarez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Braz J Urol"},{"key":"R4-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8875","DOI":"10.4076\/1757-1626-2-8875","article-title":"Primary lymphoma of the prostate treated with rituximab-based chemotherapy: A case report and review of the literature","volume":"2","author":"Taleb","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cases J"},{"key":"R5-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19980815)83:4<732::AID-CNCR15>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Malignant lymphoma involving the prostate: Report of 62 cases","volume":"83","author":"Bostwick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R6-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2932","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19851215)56:12<2932::AID-CNCR2820561234>3.0.CO;2-H","article-title":"Malignant lymphomas involving the prostate. A study of 13 cases","volume":"56","author":"Bostwick","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R7-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382004000500011","article-title":"Primary lymphoma of the prostate: A rare cause of urinary obstruction","volume":"30","author":"Antunes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Braz J Urol"},{"key":"R8-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6699","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i39.6699","article-title":"Positron emission tomography\/computerized tomography in the evaluation of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of prostate","volume":"19","author":"Pan","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R9-20260109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-009-0741-7","article-title":"Rare primary extranodal lymphomas: Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas of the genital tract","volume":"88","author":"Rajnics","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"R10-20260109","first-page":"1733","article-title":"Primary diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma of the prostate presenting with urinary retention and dyschezia for which rituximab-combined CHOP therapy was effective-a case presentation","volume":"39","author":"Manabe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gan To Kagaku Ryoho"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01363817-201511040-00062","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:59:48Z","timestamp":1786647588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01363817-201511040-00062"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0973-1482.176122","relation":{},"ISSN":["0973-1482","1998-4138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0973-1482","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-4138","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]}}}