{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:40:48Z","timestamp":1786650048828,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n \n Most cancer cells exhibit a defect in their capacity to mature into nonreplicating adult cells and existing in a highly proliferating state. Differentiation therapy by agents such as 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n (1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n ) represents a useful approach for the treatment of cancer including acute myeloid leukemia. Human myeloid leukemia cell lines are induced to terminal differentiation into monocyte lineage by 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n . However, usage of these findings in the clinical trials is limited by calcemic effects of 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n . Attempts to overcome this problem have focused on a combination of low concentrations 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n with other compounds to induce differentiation of HL-60 cells. In this study, the effect of honey bee venom (BV) and 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n , individually and in combination, on proliferation and differentiation of human myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells were assayed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n In this\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n study, toxic and nontoxic concentrations of BV and 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n were tested using Trypan blue stained cell counting and (3[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. In addition, differentiation of cells was assayed using a Wright-Giemsa staining and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test. Data were analyzed by a one-way analysis of the variance test using SPSS software.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Our findings showed that both the BV and 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n , in a dose and time-dependent manner, caused cell death at high concentrations and inhibited cell proliferation at lower concentrations. About 5 nM of 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n induced differentiation of HL-60 cells to monocytes after 72 h. 2.5 \u03bcg\/ml of BV suppressed proliferation of HL-60 cells but had not any effects on their differentiation, whereas in combination with 5 nM of 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n , it enhanced antiproliferative and differentiation potency of 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n \n These results indicate that BV potentiates the 1,25-(OH)\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n VD\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n -induced HL-60 cell differentiation into monocytes\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1482.183220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T13:01:18Z","timestamp":1767790878000},"page":"544-549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Honey bee venom combined with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 as a highly efficient inducer of differentiation in human acute myeloid leukemia cells"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Homa","family":"Mohseni-Kouchesfahani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Nabioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Khosravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, 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