{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:08:11Z","timestamp":1792001291709,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]],"date-time":"2020-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1570,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Lab Physicians"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain a major problem both in hospitalized and outdoor patients. Multidrug-resistant enterococci are emerging as a major nosocomial pathogen with increasing frequency. However, the incidence of community-acquired enterococcal infections and species prevalent in India is not thoroughly investigated.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objectives: This study aims to estimate the burden of community-acquired UTIs seen at a tertiary care hospital and to identify the Enterococcus species isolated from these patients. The study also aims to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern with reference to high-level aminoglycosides and vancomycin.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods: Semi-quantitative cultures from a total of 22,810 urine samples obtained from patients seen at various Outpatient Departments were analyzed. From them 115 nonduplicate isolates of enterococci were obtained as significant pure growth (&gt;105 cfu\/ml) and speciated. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed by Kirby\u2013Bauer disc diffusion method. Vancomycin resistance screening was performed by the vancomycin screen agar method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and confirmed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentration by agar dilution method.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results: Of 115 enterococcal isolates, 61 were identified as Enterococcus faecalis, 42 as Enterococcus faecium, 3 each as Enterococcus dispar, and Enterococcus pseudoavium. High-level gentamicin resistance (HLGR) was higher in E. faecium (47.6%) than E. faecalis (32.7%) and HLSR also showed the same pattern with 47.6% and 27.9% resistance, respectively. Vancomycin resistant enterococci accounted for 11.3% of the isolates, and out of them 53.8% were E. faecium by agar dilution method.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion: High rate of resistance to antibiotics of penicillin group and aminoglycosides was observed in our tertiary care hospital even in community acquired UTIs. Hence, there is an urgent need for more rational and restricted use of antimicrobials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2727.176237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,12]],"date-time":"2016-02-12T08:51:43Z","timestamp":1455267103000},"page":"050-054","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Community Acquired Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections and Antibiotic Resistance Profile in North India"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Varun","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajendra","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Purva","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarman","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-1","first-page":"686","volume-title":"Vancomycin-resistant enterococci","author":"Cetinkaya","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-2","first-page":"14","volume-title":"Emerging resistance among bacterial pathogens in the intensive care unit \u2013 A European and North American Surveillance study (2000-2002)","author":"Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-3","first-page":"462","volume-title":"Virulence of enterococci","author":"Jett","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-4","first-page":"S133","volume-title":"Clinical prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and geographic resistance patterns of enterococci: Results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-1999","author":"Low","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-5","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Multidrug resistance in bacteria: A serious patient safety challenge for India","author":"Mathur","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Lab Physicians","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0974-2727","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-6","first-page":"311","volume-title":"Vancomycin-resistant enterococci outside the health-care setting: Prevalence, sources, and public health implications","author":"McDonald","year":"1997","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-7","first-page":"911","volume-title":"Human health hazard from antimicrobial-resistant enterococci in animals and food","author":"Heuer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-8","first-page":"217","volume-title":"Vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections: Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and optimal management","author":"O'Driscoll","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-9","first-page":"731","volume-title":"Identification of Enterococcus species isolated from human infections by a conventional test scheme","author":"Facklam","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0974-2727.176237-10","unstructured":"CLSI. 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