{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:46:29Z","timestamp":1787071589467,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current methods available for periodontal disease diagnosis are seriously deficient in terms of accuracy, in the ability to predict ongoing or future disease activity and indeed in determining whether previously diseased sites are in an arrested phase or still active. One area that is receiving a great deal of attention is the biochemical investigation of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). \u03b2-glucuronidase (\u03b2G) is one of the enzymes found in GCF that is involved in degradation of the ground substance and fibrillar components of host connective tissue. GCF \u03b2G activity might be a good indicator or predictor of periodontal disease activity. This study was conducted to estimate and compare the GCF \u03b2G levels in patients with healthy periodontium, chronic gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subjects were classified into three groups of 20 patients each; healthy individuals, chronic gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis. After recording the plaque index, gingival index and probing pocket depth, 1 \u03bcL GCF was collected by placing a calibrated microcapillary pipette extracrevicularly and transferred to sterile plastic vials containing 350 \u03bcL of normal saline with 1% bovine serum albumin. Analysis of \u03b2G was done by spectrophotometry<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u03b2G levels in GCF were significantly higher in chronic periodontitis group (mean value - 2.04743), followed by chronic gingivitis group (mean - 1.11510) and healthy group (0.53643).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Increased \u03b2G levels were observed in patients with increased periodontal destruction, hence GCF \u03b2G levels can be used as biochemical marker for periodontal disease activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.163596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,31]],"date-time":"2015-08-31T09:06:21Z","timestamp":1441011981000},"page":"S660-S665","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative analysis of gingival crevicular fluid \u03b2-glucuronidase levels in health, chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"P. P.","family":"Sanara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, KMCT Dental College, Manassery, Calicut, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Shereef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Edapally, Ernakulam, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shashikanth","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. S.","family":"Rajesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Arun Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabeer","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, KMCT Dental College, Manassery, Calicut, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1993.64.8s.792","article-title":"The role of the host response in periodontal disease progression: Implications for future treatment strategies","volume":"64","author":"Van Dyke","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R3-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2003.03106.x","article-title":"Proteolytic host cell enzymes in gingival crevice fluid","volume":"31","author":"Uitto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"R4-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.4.618","article-title":"Analysis of human gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid beta-glucuronidase activity in specific periodontal diseases","volume":"71","author":"Layik","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R5-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01768.x","article-title":"The relationship of beta-glucuronidase activity in crevicular fluid to probing attachment loss in patients with adult periodontitis. Findings from a multicenter study","volume":"22","author":"Lamster","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R6-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000408303","article-title":"Crevicular fluid updated","volume":"12","author":"Cimasoni","year":"1983","journal-title":"Monogr Oral Sci"},{"key":"R7-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1994.tb00289.x","article-title":"The relationship of beta-glucuronidase activity in crevicular fluid to clinical parameters of periodontal disease. Findings from a multicenter study","volume":"21","author":"Lamster","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R8-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1987.58.9.614","article-title":"Lysosomal and cytoplasmic enzyme activity, crevicular fluid volume, and clinical parameters characterizing gingival sites with shallow to intermediate probing depths","volume":"58","author":"Lamster","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R9-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.3.353","article-title":"Beta-glucuronidase activity in saliva: Relationship to clinical periodontal parameters","volume":"74","author":"Lamster","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R10-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1986.tb00885.x","article-title":"Enzyme activity in human gingival crevicular fluid: Considerations in data reporting based on analysis of individual crevicular sites","volume":"13","author":"Lamster","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R11-20250923","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(85)90039-1","article-title":"Evaluation and modification of spectrophotometric procedures for analysis of lactate dehydrogenase, beta-glucuronidase and arylsulphatase in human gingival crevicular fluid collected with filter-paper strips","volume":"30","author":"Lamster","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"R12-20250923","first-page":"103","article-title":"Relationship of \u03b2-glucuronidase activity in crevicular fluid to subgingival plaque flora in patients with periodontal disease","volume":"3","author":"Kaul","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Periodontol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01438291-201507002-00071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:49:02Z","timestamp":1787068142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01438291-201507002-00071"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0975-7406.163596","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-04-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-05-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}