{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T08:19:25Z","timestamp":1790065165295,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After the introduction of the multidrug therapy, the incidence of leprosy is decreasing every year. However, periodontal complaints are commonly seen in these patients due to compromised immunity and impaired oral hygiene. The aim of the present study is to assess the oral and periodontal status of the leprosy patients in Dindigul district.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was conducted on 62 patients treated in a leprosy center at Dindigul district. Among these, 22 (35.5%) were female patients and 40 were male patients (64.5%). Age ranges between 40 and 70 with the mean age being 52. Facial changes, periodontal status, dental caries, attrition, tooth loss, plaque index (Silness and Loe), and calculus component of oral hygiene index-simplified were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Majority of the patients presented with loss of eyebrows and eyelashes, saddle nose, ocular involvement, and leonine facies. Gingival recession (54.8%) was a predominant finding followed by tooth loss (69.5%), mobility (60.86%), attrition (56%), chronic pulpitis (34.7%), and dental caries (26%). Most of the patients had severe periodontitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compromised immunity and altered autonomy pave way for many dental complaints such as periodontitis and deposits in tooth with poor oral hygiene. Awareness about the oral health problems and reinforcement of oral hygiene should be insisted to the leprosy patients to prevent further morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.191939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T06:54:17Z","timestamp":1675839257000},"page":"S119-S121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluation of oral and periodontal status of leprosy patients in Dindigul district"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"S. A.","family":"Jacob Raja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Johnson","family":"Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Vijayashree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. Meena","family":"Priya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Chettinad Dental College, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. Sai","family":"Anusuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ravishankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-20250925","first-page":"1","article-title":"The burden of new leprosy cases in India: A population-based survey in two states","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN Trop Med 2013"},{"key":"R3-20250925","first-page":"234","article-title":"Some epidemiological observations on leprosy in India","volume":"69","author":"Kumar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"R4-20250925","first-page":"215","article-title":"Oral health status and alveolar bone loss in treated leprosy patients of central India","volume":"83","author":"Rawlani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Lepr"},{"key":"R5-20250925","first-page":"105","article-title":"Clinical and pathological evaluation of oral changes in leprosy","volume":"1","author":"Thirugnanasambandan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Multidiscip Dent"},{"key":"R6-20250925","first-page":"15","article-title":"Leprosy \u2013 Evolution of the path to eradication","volume":"137","author":"Dogra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R7-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.1.13","article-title":"Destructive periodontal disease in adults 30 years of age and older in the United States, 1988-1994","volume":"70","author":"Albandar","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R8-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356408993968","article-title":"Periodontal disease in pregnancy. 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Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condtion","volume":"22","author":"Silness","year":"1964","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"key":"R9-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1964.0034","article-title":"The simplified oral hygiene index","volume":"68","author":"Greene","year":"1964","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R10-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.63.427","article-title":"Clinical and immunological assessment of periodontal disease in Japanese leprosy patients","volume":"63","author":"Ohyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R11-20250925","first-page":"E474","article-title":"Lepromatous leprosy: A review and case report","volume":"11","author":"Chimenos K\u00fcstner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"R12-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1354-523X.2003.00981.x","article-title":"Leprosy: Dental and periodontal status of the anterior maxilla in 76 patients","volume":"10","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Mart\u00ed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"R13-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.80.2.156","article-title":"Dental and oral condition in leprosy patients from Serra, Brazil","volume":"80","author":"Souza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"R14-20250925","first-page":"381","article-title":"Oral lesions in leprosy","volume":"69","author":"Costa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"R15-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1590\/S1980-65232010000200008","article-title":"Mycobacterium leprae in the periodontium, saliva and skin smears of leprosy patients","volume":"25","author":"Abdalla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Odontol Ci\u00eac"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01438291-201608001-00027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:50:52Z","timestamp":1787068252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01438291-201608001-00027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0975-7406.191939","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-04-06","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-05-06","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}