{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T12:14:00Z","timestamp":1765368840505},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]],"date-time":"2019-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2581,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease whereby myelin sheath of the central nervous system is destroyed. Vitamin A is known to play a role in the immune system. It has been recognized that some metabolites of vitamin A can be used effectively to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Aims: The effect of vitamin A as retinyl palmitate on T-cell proliferation in MS patients. Setting and Design: This study is a double blind clinical trial of two test groups over a period of 6 months. Materials and Methods: Thirty five multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were divided into two groups. One group received 25,000 IU\/day vitamin A (as retinyl palmitate) and the other group were administered a placebo. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated and stimulated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) before and after the trial period. BrdU calorimetric assay was performed to measure cell proliferation. Statistical Analysis: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and paired t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: Observations showed statistical significant differences in the reduction of cell proliferation in the presence of MOG and fetal calf serum (FCS) in the culture medium, between patients receiving vitamin A and the placebo (P = 0.046). Although, this difference was not significant between the two vitamin A and placebo groups in MOG treatment with human serum, a decrease was observed in the group of patients taking vitamin A supplements (P = 0.019). Phytohemagglutinin did not cause any change in cell proliferation between the two groups. Conclusion: The results suggest supplementation with retinyl palmitate in patients with MS reduce MOG stimulatory effects on T-cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.102609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,17]],"date-time":"2012-10-17T12:52:56Z","timestamp":1350478376000},"page":"294-298","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The effect of vitamin A supplementation on stimulated T-cell proliferation with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in patients with multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"03","author":[{"given":"Sima","family":"Jafarirad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fereydoon","family":"Siassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad-Hossein","family":"Harirchian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Iranian Center for Neurological Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad-Ali","family":"Sahraian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad-Reza","family":"Eshraghian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fazel","family":"Shokri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Amani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, School of Paramedicine, Jondi-Shapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sama","family":"Bitarafan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabah","family":"Mozafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie, Centre de Recherche de l\u2019Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epini\u00e8re, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliakbar","family":"Saboor-Yaraghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-1","first-page":"683","volume-title":"Immunology of multiple sclerosis","author":"Sospedra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-2","first-page":"291","volume-title":"New concepts in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis","author":"Hemmer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-3","first-page":"156","volume-title":"In vitro Th2 deviation of myelin-specific peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis","author":"Hallin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-4","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Antigen-specific T cells in autoimmune diseases with a focus on multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic 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Today"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-9","first-page":"1951","volume-title":"A myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide induces typical chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in H-2b mice: Fine specificity and T cell receptor V beta expression of encephalitogenic T cells","author":"Mendel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-10","first-page":"225","volume-title":"Evolution of the T-cell repertoire during the course of experimental immune-mediated demyelinating disease","author":"Miller","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendel I, Kerlero de Rosbo N, Ben-Nun A. Delineation of the minimal encephalitogenic epitope within the immunodominant region of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein: Diverse V beta gene usage by T cells recognizing the core epitope encephalitogenic for T cell receptor V beta b and T cell receptor V beta a H-2 b mice. Eur J Immunol 1996;26:2470-9.","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830261030"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-12","first-page":"118","volume-title":"Acceleration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in interleukin-10-deficient mice: Roles of interleukin-10 in disease progression and recovery","author":"Samoilova","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-13","first-page":"2851","volume-title":"All-trans retinoic acid stimulates IL-2-mediated proliferation of human T lymphocytes: Early induction of cyclin D3","author":"Engedal","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-14","first-page":"2907S","volume-title":"Estimating the potential for vitamin A toxicity in women and young children","author":"Allen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-15","first-page":"2602","volume-title":"Reactivity to myelin antigens in multiple sclerosis.Peripheral blood lymphocytes respond predominantly to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein","author":"Kerlero","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-16","first-page":"4315","volume-title":"Families of retinoid dehydrogenases regulating vitamin A function: Production of visual pigment and retinoic acid","author":"Duester","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-17","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Cytosolic retinoid dehydrogenases govern ubiquitous metabolism of retinol to retinaldehyde followed by tissue-specific metabolism to retinoic acid","author":"","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-18","first-page":"446","volume-title":"Effects of vitamin A supplementation on immune responses and correlation with clinical outcomes","author":"Villamor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-19","first-page":"4889","volume-title":"Inactivation of a Cdk2 inhibitor during interleukin 2-induced proliferation of human T lymphocytes","author":"Firpo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-20","first-page":"2351","volume-title":"Commitment point during G 0 \u2192 G 1 that controls entry into the cell cycle","author":"Lea","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-21","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Biology of the interleukin-2 receptor","author":"Nelson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-22","first-page":"450","volume-title":"Retinoid treatment of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.IL-4 production correlates with improved disease course","author":"Racke","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-23","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Direct and indirect effects of retinoic acid on human Th2 cytokine and chemokine expression by human T lymphocytes","author":"Dawson","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-24","first-page":"26783","volume-title":"Retinoic acid-induced transcriptional modulation of the human interferon-\u03b3 promoter","author":"Cippitelli","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-25","first-page":"1331","volume-title":"Immunosuppressive activity of 13-cis-retinoic acid and prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats","author":"Massacesi","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/0976-3147.102609-26","first-page":"315","volume-title":"All-trans retinoic acid potentiates the ability of interferon Beta-1b to augment suppressor cell function in multiple sclerosis","author":"Qu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.4103\/0976-3147.102609.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,5]],"date-time":"2023-08-05T04:27:24Z","timestamp":1691209644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ruralneuropractice.com\/the-effect-of-vitamin-a-supplementation-on-stimulated-t-cell-proliferation-with-myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein-in-patients-with-multiple-sclerosis\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0976-3147.102609","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-3147","0976-3155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-3147","type":"print"},{"value":"0976-3155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}}}