{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:54:47Z","timestamp":1786650887509,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Asian J Androl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682x.125410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,18]],"date-time":"2014-01-18T05:06:46Z","timestamp":1390021606000},"page":"505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Improving intermittent androgen deprivation therapy: lessons learned from basic and translational research"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhou","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RahulA","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LauraE","family":"Pascal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BenjaminJ","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-1","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Cancer statistics, 2013","author":"Siegel","year":"2013","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-2","first-page":"2893","volume-title":"Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008","author":"Ferlay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-3","first-page":"350","volume-title":"Prostate cancer research in China","author":"Ren","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-4","unstructured":"Huggins C, Hodges CV. Studies on prostatic cancer. I. The effects of castration of estrogen and of androgen injection on serum phosphatases in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Cancer Res 1941; 1: 293-7."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-5","first-page":"209","volume-title":"Studies on prostatic cancer II.The effects of castration on advanced carcinoma of the prostate gland","author":"Huggins","year":"1941","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-6","first-page":"393","volume-title":"Isolation and properties of the FSH and LH-releasing hormone","author":"Schally","year":"1971","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-7","first-page":"205","volume-title":"Purification, amino acid composition and N-terminus of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LRF) of ovine origin","author":"Amoss","year":"1971","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-8","first-page":"1281","volume-title":"The Leuprolide Study Group","author":"Leuprolide","year":"1984","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-9","unstructured":"Kozlowski JM, Grayhack JT. Carcinoma of the Prostate. In: Gillenwater J.Y, Grayhack JT, Howards S.S, Duckett J.W, editors. 1991. Adult and Pediatric Urology, 2 nd edition. Chicago: Mosby Year Book, 1277-393."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-10","first-page":"272","volume-title":"The evolving paradigm of second-line hormonal therapy options for castration-resistant prostate cancer","author":"Courtney","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-11","first-page":"1995","volume-title":", COU-AA-301 Investigators.Abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic prostate cancer","author":"de","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-12","first-page":"E99","volume-title":"Sipuleucel-T (Provenge\u00ae) for castration-resistant prostate cancer","author":"Di","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-13","first-page":"787","volume-title":"Development of a second-generation antiandrogen for treatment of advanced prostate cancer","author":"Tran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-14","first-page":"1187","volume-title":", AFFIRM Investigators.Increased survival with enzalutamide in prostate cancer after chemotherapy","author":"Scher","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-15","first-page":"411","volume-title":", IMPACT Study Investigators.Sipuleucel-T immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer","author":"Kantoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-16","first-page":"1147","volume-title":", TROPIC Investigators.Prednisone plus cabazitaxel or mitoxantrone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel treatment: a randomised open-label trial","author":"de","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-17","first-page":"213","volume-title":", ALSYMPCA Investigators.Alpha emitter radium-223 and survival in metastatic prostate cancer","author":"Parker","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-18","first-page":"2546","volume-title":"Intermittent endocrine therapy for advanced prostate cancer","author":"Klotz","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-19","first-page":"2782","volume-title":"Effects of intermittent androgen suppression on androgen-dependent tumors.Apoptosis and serum prostate-specific antigen","author":"Akakura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-20","first-page":"191","volume-title":"Intermittent androgen suppression for prostate cancer: canadian Prospective Trial and related observations","author":"Bruchovsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Urol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-21","first-page":"13","volume-title":"Control of tumor progression by maintenance of apoptosis","author":"Bruchovsky","year":"1996","journal-title":"Prostate Suppl"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-22","first-page":"2275","volume-title":"Effects of androgen withdrawal on the stem cell composition of the Shionogi carcinoma","author":"Bruchovsky","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-23","first-page":"S13","volume-title":"Androgen deprivation therapy in advanced prostate cancer: is intermittent therapy the new standard of care?","author":"Klotz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-24","first-page":"159","volume-title":"Intermittent versus continuous androgen deprivation therapy in advanced prostate cancer","author":"Klotz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Urol Rep"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-25","first-page":"1314","volume-title":"Intermittent versus continuous androgen deprivation in prostate cancer","author":"Hussain","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-26","first-page":"895","volume-title":"Intermittent androgen suppression for rising PSA level after radiotherapy","author":"Crook","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-27","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Hormonal effects on cell proliferation in rat prostate","author":"Bruchovsky","year":"1975","journal-title":"Vitam Horm"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-28","first-page":"233","volume-title":"Relationship between DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in the programmed cell death in the rat prostate following castration","author":"English","year":"1989","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-29","first-page":"552","volume-title":"Activation of programmed cell death in the rat ventral prostate after castration","author":"Kyprianou","year":"1988","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-30","first-page":"4313","volume-title":"Hormone-regulated apoptosis results from reentry of differentiated prostate cells onto a defective cell cycle","author":"Colombel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-31","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Hormonal regulation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) glycoprotein in the human prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line, LNCaP","author":"Montgomery","year":"1992","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-32","first-page":"7043","volume-title":"Prostate-specific antigen expression is regulated by an upstream enhancer","author":"Schuur","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-33","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Intermittent androgen suppression for prostate cancer: rationale and clinical experience","author":"Gleave","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-34","first-page":"2012","volume-title":"The conversion of testosterone to 5-alpha-androstan-17-beta-ol-3-one by rat prostate in vivo and in vitro","author":"Bruchovsky","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-35","unstructured":"George F, Wilson J. Sex Determination and Differentiation. In: Knobil E, Neill J (eds.), The Physiology of Reproduction, Vol. 1, 2 nd ed. New York: Raven Press, Ltd.; 1994: 3-28."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-36","first-page":"6154","volume-title":"Steroid structure and androgenic activity.Specificities involved in the receptor binding and nuclear retention of various androgens","author":"Liao","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-37","first-page":"5620","volume-title":"Binding properties of androgen receptors.Evidence for identical receptors in rat testis, epididymis, and prostate","author":"Wilson","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-38","first-page":"25","volume-title":"Steroid 5 alpha-reductase: two genes\/two enzymes","author":"Russell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-39","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone interact differently with the androgen receptor to enhance transcription of the MMTV-CAT reporter gene","author":"Deslypere","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-40","first-page":"1165","volume-title":"Testosterone at high concentrations interacts with the human androgen receptor similarly to dihydrotestosterone","author":"Grino","year":"1990","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-41","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Genetic and pharmacological evidence for more than one human steroid 5 alpha-reductase","author":"Jenkins","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-42","first-page":"944","volume-title":"Familial incomplete male pseudohermaphroditism, type 2.Decreased dihydrotestosterone formation in pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias","author":"Walsh","year":"1974","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-43","first-page":"403","volume-title":"Identification of genes expressed in the rat prostate that are modulated differently by castration and Finasteride treatment","author":"Avila","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-44","first-page":"183","volume-title":"Inhibition of 5alpha-reductase in rat prostate reveals differential regulation of androgen-response gene expression by testosterone and dihydrotestosterone","author":"Dadras","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gene Expr"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-45","first-page":"8044","volume-title":"Feed-forward control of prostate growth: dihydrotestosterone induces expression of its own biosynthetic enzyme, steroid 5 alpha-reductase","author":"George","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-46","first-page":"4988","volume-title":"Cloning and characterization of TDD5, an androgen target gene that is differentially repressed by testosterone and dihydrotestosterone","author":"Lin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-47","first-page":"1536 \u2212 44","volume-title":"U19\/Eaf2 knockout causes lung adenocarcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia","author":"Xiao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-48","first-page":"4698 \u2212 704","volume-title":"Suppression of prostate tumor growth by U19, a novel testosterone-regulated apoptosis inducer","author":"Xiao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-49","first-page":"882 \u2212 90","volume-title":"Suppressive roles of calreticulin in prostate cancer growth and metastasis","author":"Alur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-50","first-page":"878","volume-title":"Adrenomedullin inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation through a cAMP-independent autocrine mechanism","author":"Abasolo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-51","first-page":"179","volume-title":"Overexpression of adrenomedullin gene markedly inhibits proliferation of PC3 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo","author":"Abasolo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-52","first-page":"1575","volume-title":"Inhibition of 5alpha-reductase enhances testosterone-induced expression of U19\/Eaf2 tumor suppressor during the regrowth of LNCaP xenograft tumor in nude mice","author":"Gupta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-53","first-page":"2296","volume-title":"5\u03b1-reductase inhibition suppresses testosterone-induced initial regrowth of regressed xenograft prostate tumors in animal models","author":"Masoodi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-54","first-page":"1809","volume-title":"LNCaP model of human prostatic carcinoma","author":"Horoszewicz","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-55","first-page":"495","volume-title":"Enhancement of intermittent androgen ablation by \"off-cycle\" maintenance with finasteride in LNCaP prostate cancer xenograft model","author":"Eggener","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-56","first-page":"147","volume-title":"Prolongation of off-cycle interval by finasteride is not associated with survival improvement in intermittent androgen deprivation therapy in LNCaP tumor model","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-57","first-page":"1673","volume-title":"Intermittent use of testosterone inactivating pharmaceuticals using finasteride prolongs the time off period","author":"Scholz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shevrin DH, MacVicar GR, Kuzel T, Stadler WM, Jovanovic B, et al. Effect of dutasteride on tumor proliferation during the regrowth phase of intermittent androgen ablation therapy in men with advanced prostate cancer. ASCO 2013 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium; J Clin Oncol 31, 2013 (suppl 6; abstr 21).","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2013.31.6_suppl.21"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1008-682X.125410-59","first-page":"1674","volume-title":"The effects of the dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitor dutasteride on localized prostate cancer--results from a 4-month pre-radical prostatectomy study","author":"Gleave","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prostate"}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Andrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:24:04Z","timestamp":1786649044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1008-682X.125410"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}},"alternative-id":["125410"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1008-682x.125410","relation":{},"ISSN":["1008-682X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1008-682X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}