{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T06:51:35Z","timestamp":1793083895435,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Niger J Clin Pract"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"DOI":"10.4103\/1119-3077.163278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,20]],"date-time":"2015-08-20T06:47:43Z","timestamp":1440053263000},"page":"762","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Effect of Hibiscus sabdariffaon blood pressure and electrolyte profile of mild to moderate hypertensive Nigerians: A comparative study with hydrochlorothiazide"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"DC","family":"Nwachukwu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Aneke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NZ","family":"Nwachukwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LFO","family":"Obika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"UI","family":"Nwagha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AA","family":"Eze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-1","first-page":"235","volume-title":"Mechanisms of the blood pressure lowering effect of the calyx extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa in rats","author":"Adegunloye","year":"1996","journal-title":"Afr J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-2","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Plasma and erythrocyte cations and permeability of the erythrocyte membrane to cations in essential hypertension","author":"Aderounmu","year":"1979","journal-title":"Afr J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-3","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Verification of folkloric diuretic claim of Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.petal extract","author":"Aguwa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Niger J Pharm Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-4","first-page":"388","volume-title":"Mechanisms of the anti-hypertensive effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa L.calyces","author":"Ajay","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-5","first-page":"485","volume-title":"The efficacy and tolerability of amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide in Nigerians with essential hypertension","author":"Ajayi","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-6","first-page":"384","volume-title":"Stroke at the prime of life: A study of Nigerian Africans between the ages of 16 and 45 years","author":"Nwosu","year":"1992","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-7","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Current epidemiology of hypertension in Nigeria","author":"Akinkugbe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Ib Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-8","first-page":"974","volume-title":"International roundtable discussion of national guidelines for the detection, evaluation, and treatment of hypertension","author":"Alderman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-9","first-page":"912","volume-title":"The pathophysiology of hypertension","author":"Beevers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blaustein MP, Lang S, James-Krakle M. Cellular basis of sodium-induced hypertension. In: Laragh JH, Buhler PR, Seldin D, editors. Frontiers of Hypertension Research. New York: Springer Verlag; 1991. p. 87-102.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-5899-5_18"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-11","first-page":"1117","volume-title":"Target organ damage in hypertension: Mechanisms, prevention, and management","author":"Catanzaro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-12","unstructured":"Coleman TG, Hall JE, Norman RA. Regulation of arterial blood pressure. In: Brenner BM, Stein JH, editors. Hypertension. London: Churchill Livingstone Inc.;1981. p. 1-20."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-13","first-page":"160","volume-title":"The prevalence of hypertension in seven populations of West African origin","author":"Cooper","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-14","first-page":"1066","volume-title":"In vitroinhibition of angiotensin II binding on human AT1 recptors by proanthocyanidins from guazuma ulmifolia bark.Planta Med","author":"Caballero-George","year":"2002","journal-title":""},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fuleki T, Francis FJ. Quantitative method s of anthocyanins. 2. Determination of total anthocyanin and degradation index for cranberry juice. J Food Sci 1968;33:78-83.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1968.tb00888.x"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-16","first-page":"231","volume-title":"The effect of sour tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa) on essential hypertension","author":"Haji","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-17","first-page":"375","volume-title":"Effectiveness and tolerability of a standardized extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa in patients with mild to moderate hypertension: A controlled and randomized clinical trial","author":"Herrera-Arellano","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-18","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Delphinidin 3-sambubioside, a Hibiscus anthocyanin, induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells through reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway","author":"Hou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-19","first-page":"209","volume-title":"The profile of stroke in Nigeria's federal capital territory","author":"Imam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trop Doct"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-20","first-page":"1404","volume-title":"Electrolyte profile in Nigeria patients with essential hypertension","author":"Iyalomhe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Afr J Biotechnol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-21","first-page":"41","volume-title":"A preliminary toxicological study of the effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Linn) calyx extract in normal rats","author":"Jaiyesimi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Niger J Pharm Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-22","first-page":"120","volume-title":"In vitroenzyme inhibitory and in vivo cardioprotective activities of hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)","author":"Jonadet","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pharm Belg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-23","unstructured":"Kaplan NM. Primary hypertension. In: Kaplan NM, editor. Clinical Hypertension. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams and Wikins; 1994. p. 54-282."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-24","first-page":"1177","volume-title":"Increased blood pressure during potassium depletion in normotensive men","author":"Krishna","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-25","first-page":"295","volume-title":"Salt and blood pressure: Population and individual perspectives","author":"Kuller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kurtz TW, Morris RC Jr, Al-Bander HA. Salt-sensitive essential hypertension in men: Is the sodium ion alone important? NEngl J Med 1987;317:1043-8.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198710223171702"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-27","first-page":"298","volume-title":"Hibiscus sabdariffa L.tea (tisane) lowers blood pressure in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults","author":"McKay","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-28","first-page":"619","volume-title":"Moderate salt restriction effectively lowers blood pressure and degree of salt sensitivity is related to baseline concentration of renin and N-terminal atrial natriuretic peptide in plasma","author":"Melander","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-29","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Salt intake and hypertension therapy","author":"Milan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-30","first-page":"77","volume-title":"An investigation of the diuretic effect of an aqueous extract of hibiscus sabdariffa","author":"Mojiminiyi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-31","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Cations and hypertension: Sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium","author":"Morton","year":"1987","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-32","first-page":"69","volume-title":"The petal extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa produces relaxation of isolared rat aorta","author":"Obiefuna","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Pharmacogn"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-33","first-page":"199","volume-title":"Antihypertensive effect of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyx infusion in spontaneously hypertensive rats and a comparison of its toxicity with that in Wistar rats","author":"Onyenekwe","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Funct"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-34","first-page":"295","volume-title":"Testicular effects of sub-chronic administration of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx aqueous extract in rats","author":"Orisakwe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-35","first-page":"245","volume-title":"The prevalence of microalbuminuria and ECG left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in private practices in South Africa","author":"Rayner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc J S Afr"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-36","first-page":"283","volume-title":"Inhibition of intestinal motility by methanol extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L.(Malvaceae) in rats","author":"Salah","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-37","first-page":"20","volume-title":"Serum and urinary electrolytes level in the subjects of two different environmental conditions","author":"Shailendra","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Stress Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-38","first-page":"42","volume-title":"Salt intake, red cell and plasma electrolytes in hypertensive and normotensive Nigerians","author":"Ukoh","year":"1992","journal-title":"Niger J Physiol Sci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-39","first-page":"41","volume-title":"Essential hypertension: Pathogenesis and pathophysiology","author":"Vikrant","year":"2001","journal-title":"J India Acad Clin Med"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-40","first-page":"56","volume-title":"Effect of dietary chloride on salt-sensitive and renindependent hypertension","author":"Whitescarver","year":"1986","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whittle JC, Whelton PK, Seidler AJ, Klag MJ. Does racial variation in risk factors explain black-white differences in the incidence of hypertensive end-stage renal disease? Arch Intern Med 1991;151:1359-64.","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1991.00400070121015"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-42","first-page":"151","volume-title":"Statement on Hypertension.Management of Hypertension","author":"WHO\/ISH","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1119-3077.163278-43","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Verification of folkloric diuretic claim of Hibiscus SabdariffaL.petal extract","author":"Aguwa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Niger J Pharm Res"}],"container-title":["Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:41:08Z","timestamp":1786650068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1119-3077.163278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}},"alternative-id":["163278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1119-3077.163278","relation":{},"ISSN":["1119-3077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1119-3077","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}