{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:29:06Z","timestamp":1787030946874,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]],"date-time":"2019-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1707,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives: The present study evaluated the gingival condition among school going children in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates and determined its relationship with tooth brushing frequency, diet and dental caries. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and five children participated in the study. There were 232 boys (57%) and 173 (43%) girls. Children were grouped based on age as \u22646 years (n = 84) mean age 4.72 \u00b1 0.50 and &gt;6 years (n = 321) mean age 8.47 \u00b1 1.65. The amount of dental plaque and gingival condition were assessed on the inner and outer surface of six index teeth using Silness and Loe and Loe and Silness criteria. Dental caries status was assessed using WHO 1997 criteria. Dental examination, tooth brushing frequency and 24 h diet chart were recorded by calibrated dentists. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of gingivitis. Results: Increase in decayed, missing, and filled teeth values corresponds to increase in plaque index and gingival index scores (P \u2264 0.05). A logistic regression analysis of the predictors of gingivitis showed that males were 2.11 times less likely to have gingivitis compared with females (odds ratio [OR]: 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24-0.93, P = 0.03) and children aged \u22646 years were 3.06 times less likely to have gingivitis than those aged &gt;6 years (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.17-0.62, P = 0.00). Tooth brushing frequency and diet were not significant predictors. Conclusion: Current study clearly demonstrated that female gender and children more than 6 years were more likely to have gingivitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/1305-7456.149636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T01:54:47Z","timestamp":1421718887000},"page":"036-040","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Assessment of gingival health among school children in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"09","author":[{"given":"Vellore Kannan","family":"Gopinath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialist Dental Practice, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betul","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialist Dental Practice, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manal A.","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Specialist Dental Practice, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-1","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Epidemiology of periodontal disease in children and adolescents","author":"Jenkins","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-2","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Risk factors for gingivitis in a group of Brazilian schoolchildren","author":"Chiapinotto","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Public Health Dent"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-3","first-page":"313","volume-title":"Prevalence of gingivitis in 6- to 11-year-old Croatian children","author":"Bossnjak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-4","first-page":"352621","volume-title":"Assessment of gingival health status among 5- and 12-year-old children in Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study","author":"Al-Haddad","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN Dent"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-5","first-page":"171","volume-title":"Prevalence of gingivitis among school attendees in Qazvin, Iran","author":"Jalaleddin","year":"2009","journal-title":"East Afr J Public Health"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-6","first-page":"184","volume-title":"Social gradients in periodontal diseases among adolescents","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-7","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Oral hygiene measures and the periodontal status of school children","author":"Kolawole","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Dent Hyg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-8","first-page":"391","volume-title":"Change in diet and oral hygiene over an 8-week period: Effects on oral health and oral biofilm","author":"Al-Ahmad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-9","first-page":"150","volume-title":"Dental plaque, caries prevalence and gingival conditions of 14-15-year-old schoolchildren in Jerash District, Jordan","author":"El-Qaderi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Dent Hyg"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-10","first-page":"144","volume-title":"Periodontal health of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Kuwait: A case-control study","author":"Al-Khabbaz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-11","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Gingival hyperplasia as an early diagnostic oral manifestation in acute monocytic leukemia: A case report","author":"Demirer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Dent","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1305-7456","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-12","first-page":"291","volume-title":"Oral Manifestations in HIV\/AIDS-Infected Children","author":"Rwenyonyi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Dent","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1305-7456","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silness J, Loe H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condtion. Acta Odontol Scand 1964;22:121-35.","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356408993968"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-14","unstructured":"Loe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand 1963;21:533-51."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-15","unstructured":"World Health Organization Oral Health Surveys Basic Methods. 4 th ed. Geneva: WHO; 1997. p. 40-52."},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-16","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Assessment of nutrient intake in cleft lip and palate children after surgical correction","author":"Gopinath","year":"2013","journal-title":"Malays J Med Sci"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-17","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Caries prevalence and intra-oral pattern among young children in Ajman","author":"Hashim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Community Dent Health"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-18","first-page":"993","volume-title":"National survey of the oral health of 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren in the United Arab Emirates","author":"El-Nadeef","year":"2009","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-19","first-page":"230","volume-title":"How pre-school children learn to brush their teeth in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates","author":"Khadri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-20","first-page":"971","volume-title":"Pubertal characteristics among schoolgirls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","author":"Felimban","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-21","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Determinants of caries prevalence and severity in higher SES Indian children","author":"Mascarenhas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Community Dent Health"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-22","first-page":"147","volume-title":"Oral health in adolescents from a small French town","author":"Weissenbach","year":"1995","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-23","first-page":"2","volume-title":"Elevated antibody to D-alanyl lipoteichoic acid indicates caries experience associated with fluoride and gingival health","author":"Levine","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-24","first-page":"179","volume-title":"Relationship between gingivitis severity, caries experience and orthodontic anomalies in 13-15 year-old adolescents in Brno, Czech Republic","author":"Kukletova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Community Dent Health"},{"key":"key-10.4103\/1305-7456.149636-25","first-page":"136","volume-title":"A prospective study on sucrose consumption, visible plaque and caries in children from 3 to 6 years of age","author":"Karjalainen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.4103\/1305-7456.149636.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,23]],"date-time":"2019-09-23T19:32:10Z","timestamp":1569267130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.4103\/1305-7456.149636"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1305-7456.149636","relation":{},"ISSN":["1305-7456","1305-7464"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1305-7456","type":"print"},{"value":"1305-7464","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}}}