{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:04:09Z","timestamp":1787169849640,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hemorrhagic cystitis is a familiar complication of cyclophosphamide therapy in patients receiving high doses of intravenous cyclophosphamide, which is commonly used as part of a chemotherapeutic regimen and as an immunosuppressant for various malignancies and connective tissue diseases. Acrolein, an active and urotoxic metabolite of cyclophosphamide, is the leading cause of this hazardous complication. However, there are very few case reports indicating the role of pathogens such as BK virus, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus (CMV),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    as the triggers for hemorrhagic cystitis, after short courses and oral use of cyclophosphamide therapy. Here, we report a case of CMV-related cystitis in a patient with membranous glomerulonephritis, who received conventional doses of oral cyclophosphamide for a short duration and presented with hematuria. Cystoscopy, along with a microscopic examination of the bladder mucosa, revealed mononuclear viral inclusions indicating CMV were observed. The patient responded to antiviral therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.388195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T02:36:45Z","timestamp":1697683005000},"page":"593-597","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cytomegalovirus-related Cystitis in a Patient with Membranous Glomerulonephritis Receiving Cyclophosphamide: A Case Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Najia","family":"Hameed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumbal Nasir","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Ziauddin University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Kunwer","family":"Naveed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dow University of Health and Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1002\/art.25061","article-title":"Incidence and prevention of bladder toxicity from cyclophosphamide in the treatment of rheumatic diseases: A data-driven review","volume":"62","author":"Monach","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R2-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4741.2011.01161.x","article-title":"Low-dose cyclophosphamide associated with hemorrhagic cystitis in a breast cancer patient","volume":"18","author":"Marshall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"R3-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-1591.65380","article-title":"Hemorrhagic cystitis: A challenge to the urologist","volume":"26","author":"Manikandan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Urol"},{"key":"R4-20231021","first-page":"199","article-title":"Mechanisms of hemorrhagic cystitis","volume":"2","author":"Haldar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Clin Exp Urol"},{"key":"R5-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1986.00360190186026","article-title":"Hemorrhagic cystitis associated with adenovirus infection in bone marrow transplantation","volume":"146","author":"Ambinder","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R6-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/16.1.142","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus-induced hemorrhagic cystitis following bone marrow transplantation","volume":"16","author":"Spach","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R7-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197001)25:1<7::AID-CNCR2820250103>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"Hemorrhagic cystitis and cytomegalic inclusions in the bladder associated with cyclophosphamide therapy","volume":"25","author":"Goldman","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R8-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540310016655","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus-induced haemorrhagic cystitis in a patient with neurogenic bladder","volume":"35","author":"Basquiera","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R9-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705030","article-title":"CMV-induced hemorrhagic cystitis as a complication of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: Case report","volume":"36","author":"Tutuncuoglu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"R10-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1991.9.11.2016","article-title":"Mesna versus hyperhydration for the prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow transplantation","volume":"9","author":"Shepherd","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R11-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(00)00906-4","article-title":"A new regimen of MESNA (2-mercaptoethanesulfonate) effectively prevents cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow transplant recipients","volume":"32","author":"Khojasteh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R12-20231021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.5858\/2006-130-217-AYWWLA","article-title":"A 60-year-old woman with lymphoma and postchemotherapy thickening of the urinary bladder wall. Cyto-megalovirus cystitis associated with immuno-suppression","volume":"130","author":"Ali","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"R13-20231021","first-page":"488","article-title":"Late presentation of adenovirus-induced hemorrhagic cystitis and ureteral obstruction in a kidney-pancreas transplant recipient","volume":"28","author":"Klein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1319-2442.388195","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:14:05Z","timestamp":1787166845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1319-2442.388195"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1319-2442.388195","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-2442","2320-3838"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-2442","type":"print"},{"value":"2320-3838","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}