{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:22:20Z","timestamp":1787764940757,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Calcineurin inhibitors are potent immunosuppressive drugs in solid-organ transplantation and multiple autoimmune diseases. Their use is associated with the acute impairment of glomerular filtration and chronic interstitial fibrosis. The latter is mediated by the accumulation of matrix proteins. In this case report, we present a kidney transplant patient with chronic and progressive allograft failure that was associated with nephrocalcinosis. He did not have hypercalcemic-hypercalciuric states such as hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, and hyper-vitaminosis D; normocalcemic-hypercalciuric states such as distal renal tubular acidosis, medullary sponge kidney, excessive use of high-dose loop diuretics, and beta-thalassemia; hyperphosphaturic conditions; and hyperoxaluria. Moreover, his calcifications were limited to the transplanted kidney and spared the native kidneys and extrarenal tissues, and his renal function had improved and stabilized for 6 months after discontinuation of prolonged-release tacrolimus (Advagraf), indicating a cause and an effect phenomenon. Nephrocalcinosis was suspected after ultrasonography and confirmed by computed tomography scanning. Hence, allograft nephrocalcinosis may indicate chronic tacrolimus nephrotoxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.390260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T05:22:29Z","timestamp":1701062549000},"page":"824-827","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nephrocalcinosis in a Transplanted Kidney: A New Sign of Chronic Tacrolimus Nephrotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kamel","family":"El-Reshaid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait City, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaikha","family":"Al-Bader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Nephrology Unit, Amiri Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaneta","family":"Markova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Qutaina Medical Center, Kuwait City, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20231129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-201407151-02178","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of renal transplantation throughout the world: An analysis of the change in renal transplantation rates between years 1990 and 2010","volume":"98","author":"Thomas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R2-20231129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912023412303","article-title":"Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant","volume":"341","author":"Wolfe","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R3-20231129","first-page":"78","article-title":"Outcomes and surgical complications in kidney transplantation","volume":"8","author":"Reyna-Sep\u00f9lveda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Organ Transplant Med"},{"key":"R4-20231129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.76","article-title":"What is nephrocalcinosis?","volume":"88","author":"Shavit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R5-20231129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20040048","article-title":"Nephrocalcinosis: Molecular insights into calcium precipitation within the kidney","volume":"106","author":"Sayer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"R6-20231129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(03)00526-8","article-title":"Hyperphosphaturia after kidney transplantation in syngeneic rats: Effects on nephrocalcinosis and bone metabolism?","volume":"35","author":"Straub","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R7-20231129","first-page":"83","article-title":"Toxicologic evaluation of FK 506","volume":"22","author":"Ohara","year":"1990","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"R8-20231129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199301000-00007","article-title":"The histopathological changes associated with allograft rejection and drug toxicity in renal transplant recipients maintained on FK506. Clinical significance and comparison with cyclosporine","volume":"17","author":"Randhawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"R9-20231129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.20.3.g00ma14607","article-title":"Complications of renal transplantation: Evaluation with US and radionuclide imaging","volume":"20","author":"Brown","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiographics"}],"container-title":["Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1319-2442.390260","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:51:48Z","timestamp":1787763108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/1319-2442.390260"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1319-2442.390260","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-2442","2320-3838"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-2442","type":"print"},{"value":"2320-3838","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}